THE RECORDING PROCESS
THE RECORDING PROCESS
ORDER A PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER NOW
Summary of Questions by learning Objectives and Bloom’s Taxonomy
Item | LO | BT | Item | LO | BT | Item | LO | BT | Item | LO | BT | Item | LO | BT | |
True-False Statements |
|||||||||||||||
1. | 1 | K | 9. | 2 | K | 17. | 3 | K | 25. | 5 | K | sg33. | 4 | K | |
2. | 1 | K | 10. | 2 | K | 18. | 3 | K | 26. | 5 | C | sg34. | 5 | K | |
3. | 1 | K | 11. | 2 | K | 19. | 4 | K | 27. | 6 | K | sg35. | 6 | C | |
4. | 1 | K | 12. | 2 | K | 20. | 4 | K | 28. | 6 | K | sg36. | 7 | K | |
5. | 2 | K | 13. | 2 | K | 21. | 4 | K | 29. | 6 | K | sg37. | 7 | K | |
6. | 2 | K | 14. | 2 | K | 22. | 4 | K | 30. | 7 | K | ||||
7. | 2 | K | 15. | 3 | K | 23. | 4 | K | sg31. | 2 | K | ||||
8. | 2 | K | 16. | 3 | K | 24. | 4 | K | sg32. | 2 | K | ||||
Multiple Choice Questions |
|||||||||||||||
38. | 1 | K | 63. | 2 | C | 88. | 3 | K | 113. | 5 | K | 138. | 7 | C | |
39. | 1 | K | 64. | 2 | C | 89. | 3 | K | 114. | 5 | K | sg139. | 1 | K | |
40. | 1 | K | 65. | 2 | K | 90. | 3 | K | 115. | 5 | C | st140. | 2 | K | |
41. | 1 | C | 66. | 2 | K | 91. | 3 | K | 116. | 5 | K | sg141. | 2 | K | |
42. | 1 | K | 67. | 2 | K | 92. | 3 | C | 117. | 5 | K | st142. | 3 | K | |
43. | 1 | K | 68. | 2 | K | 93. | 3 | K | 118. | 4 | AP | sg143. | 3 | K | |
44. | 1 | K | 69. | 2 | K | 94. | 3 | K | 119. | 6 | K | st144. | 4 | K | |
45. | 2 | K | 70. | 2 | C | 95. | 3 | K | 120. | 6 | K | sg145. | 4 | K | |
46. | 2 | K | 71. | 2 | K | 96. | 3 | K | 121. | 6 | K | sg146. | 4 | K | |
47. | 2 | K | 72. | 2 | K | 97. | 4 | K | 122. | 6 | K | sg147. | 4 | C | |
48. | 2 | K | 73. | 2 | K | 98. | 4 | K | 123. | 6 | K | st148. | 6 | K | |
49. | 2 | K | 74. | 2 | C | 99. | 4 | K | 124. | 6 | K | sg149. | 6 | K | |
50. | 2 | K | 75. | 2 | K | 100. | 4 | K | 125. | 6 | K | st150. | 7 | K | |
51. | 2 | K | 76. | 2 | K | 101. | 4 | K | 126. | 6 | K | sg151. | 7 | C | |
52. | 2 | K | 77. | 2 | C | 102. | 4 | K | 127. | 6 | K | 152. | 8 | K | |
53. | 2 | K | 78. | 2 | AP | 103. | 4 | K | 128. | 6 | K | 153. | 8 | K | |
54. | 2 | C | 79. | 2 | AP | 104. | 4 | C | 129. | 6 | K | 154. | 8 | K | |
55. | 2 | C | 80. | 2 | AP | 105. | 4 | K | 130. | 6 | K | 155. | 8 | K | |
56. | 2 | C | 81. | 3 | AP | 106. | 4 | K | 131. | 6 | K | 156. | 8 | K | |
57. | 2 | K | 82. | 2 | AP | 107. | 4 | K | 132. | 7 | K | 157. | 8 | K | |
58. | 2 | K | 83. | 2 | AP | 108. | 4 | K | 133. | 7 | C | 158. | 8 | K | |
59. | 2 | K | 84. | 2 | C | 109. | 4 | C | 134. | 7 | K | ||||
60. | 2 | K | 85. | 2 | AP | 110. | 4 | AN | 135. | 7 | C | ||||
61. | 2 | K | 86. | 2 | AP | 111. | 5 | K | 136. | 7 | K | ||||
62. | 2 | K | 87. | 3 | K | 112. | 5 | K | 137. | 7 | K | ||||
Brief Exercises |
|||||||||||||||
159. | 2 | AP | 162. | 4 | AP | 164. | 4 | K | 166. | 6 | AP | 168. | 7 | AP | |
160. | 2 | C | 163. | 4 | AP | 165. | 4 | AP | 167. | 6 | AP | 169. | 7 | AP | |
161. | 2 | K | |||||||||||||
sg This question also appears in the Study Guide.
st This question also appears in a self-test at the student companion website.
Summary of Questions by learning Objectives and Bloom’s Taxonomy
Exercises |
||||||||||||||
170. | 2 | AP | 175. | 2 | C | 180. | 3 | C | 185. | 7 | AP | 190. | 7 | AP |
171. | 2 | C | 176. | 2 | C | 181. | 3 | AP | 186. | 6 | AN | 191. | 7 | AP |
172. | 2 | C | 177. | 2 | C | 182. | 3 | C | 187. | 6 | AP | 192. | 7 | AP |
173. | 2 | C | 178. | 2 | C | 183. | 4 | AP | 188. | 7 | AN | 193. | 7 | AN |
174. | 2 | C | 179. | 4 | AP | 184. | 6 | AP | 189. | 7 | AN | |||
Completion Statements |
||||||||||||||
194. | 1 | K | 196. | 2 | K | 198. | 3 | K | 200. | 4 | K | 202. | 5 | K |
195. | 2 | K | 197. | 2 | K | 199. | 4 | K | 201. | 4 | K | 203. | 7 | K |
Short-Answer Essay |
||||||||||||||
205.3 | 1,2 | C | 208. | 7 | AN | 211. | 4 | C | 214. | 4-6 | S | |||
206. | 2 | C | 209. | 3 | S | 212. | 5,6 | C | 215. | 1 | E | |||
207. | 2 | S | 210. | 3 | C | 213. | 6 | S | 216. | 2 | S |
SUMMARY OF learning OBJECTIVES BY QUESTION TYPE
Item | Type | Item | Type | Item | Type | Item | Type | Item | Type | Item | Type | Item | Type |
Learning Objective 1 | |||||||||||||
1. | TF | 4. | TF | 40. | MC | 43. | MC | 194. | C | ||||
2. | TF | 38. | MC | 41. | MC | 44. | MC | 198. | SA | ||||
3. | TF | 39. | MC | 42. | MC | 139. | MC | 215. | SA | ||||
Learning Objective 2 | |||||||||||||
5. | TF | 45. | MC | 57. | MC | 69. | MC | 82. | MC | 171. | Ex | 205. | SA |
6. | TF | 46. | MC | 58. | MC | 70. | MC | 83. | MC | 172. | Ex | 206. | SA |
7. | TF | 47. | MC | 59. | MC | 71. | MC | 84. | MC | 173. | Ex | 207. | SA |
8. | TF | 48. | MC | 60. | MC | 72. | MC | 85. | MC | 174. | Ex | 216. | SA |
9. | TF | 49. | MC | 61. | MC | 73. | MC | 86. | MC | 175. | Ex | ||
10. | TF | 50. | MC | 62. | MC | 74. | MC | 140. | MC | 176. | Ex | ||
11. | TF | 51. | MC | 63. | MC | 75. | MC | 141. | MC | 177. | Ex | ||
12. | TF | 52. | MC | 64. | MC | 76. | MC | 142. | MC | 178. | Ex | ||
13. | TF | 53. | MC | 65. | MC | 77. | MC | 159. | BE | 180. | Ex | ||
14. | TF | 54. | MC | 66. | MC | 78. | MC | 160. | BE | 195. | C | ||
31. | TF | 55. | MC | 67. | MC | 79. | MC | 161. | BE | 196. | C | ||
32. | TF | 56. | MC | 68. | MC | 80. | MC | 170. | Ex | 197. | C | ||
Learning Objective 3 | |||||||||||||
15. | TF | 81. | MC | 90. | MC | 94. | MC | 182. | Ex | ||||
16. | TF | 87. | MC | 91. | MC | 95. | MC | 198. | C | ||||
17. | TF | 88. | MC | 92. | MC | 96. | MC | 209. | SA | ||||
18. | TF | 89. | MC | 93. | MC | 143. | MC | 210. | SA | ||||
Learning Objective 4 | |||||||||||||
19. | TF | 33. | TF | 101. | MC | 106. | MC | 144. | MC | 163. | BE | 199. | C |
20. | TF | 97. | MC | 102. | MC | 107. | MC | 145. | MC | 164. | BE | 200. | C |
21. | TF | 98. | MC | 103. | MC | 108. | MC | 146. | MC | 165. | BE | 201. | C |
22. | TF | 99. | MC | 104. | MC | 109. | MC | 147. | MC | 179. | Ex | 211. | SA |
23/24.. | TF | 100. | MC | 105. | MC | 110/118. | MC | 162. | BE | 181/183. | Ex | 214. | SA |
SUMMARY OF learning OBJECTIVES BY QUESTION TYPE
Learning Objective 5 | |||||||||||||
25. | TF | 111. | MC | 114. | MC | 117. | MC | 212. | SA | ||||
26. | TF | 112. | MC | 115. | MC | 176. | Ex | 207. | SA | ||||
34. | TF | 113. | MC | 116. | MC | 202. | C | ||||||
Learning Objective 6 | |||||||||||||
27.. | TF | 119. | MC | 123. | MC | 127. | MC | 131. | MC | 167. | BE | 207. | SA |
28. | TF | 120. | MC | 124. | MC | 128. | MC | 148. | MC | 184. | Ex | 212. | SA |
29. | TF | 121. | MC | 125. | MC | 129. | MC | 149. | MC | 185. | Ex | 213. | SA |
35. | TF | 122. | MC | 126. | MC | 130. | MC | 166. | BE | 187. | Ex | ||
Learning Objective 7 | |||||||||||||
30. | TF | 134. | MC | 150. | MC | 186. | Ex | 192. | Ex | ||||
36. | TF | 135. | MC | 151. | MC | 188. | Ex | 193. | Ex | ||||
37. | TF | 136. | MC | 168. | BE | 189. | Ex | 203. | C | ||||
132. | MC | 137. | MC | 169. | BE | 190. | Ex | 208. | SA | ||||
133. | MC | 138. | MC | 185. | Ex | 191. | Ex | 193. | Ex | ||||
Learning Objective 8 | |||||||||||||
152. | MC | 153. | MC | 154. | MC | 155. | MC | 156. | MC | 157. | MC | 158. | MC |
Note: TF = True-False BE = Brief Exercise C = Completion
MC = Multiple Choice Ex = Exercise SA = Short-Answer Essay
The chapter also contains one set of ten Matching questions and six Short-Answer Essay questions. A summary table of all learning outcomes, including AACSB, AICPA, and IMA professional standards, is available on the Weygandt Accounting Principles 11e instructor web site.
CHAPTER LEARNING OBJECTIVES
- Explain what an account is and how it helps in the recording process. An account is a record of increases and decreases in specific asset, liability, and owner’s equity items.
- Define debits and credits and explain their use in recording business transactions. The terms debit and credit are synonymous with left and right. Assets, drawings, and expenses are increased by debits and decreased by credits. Liabilities, owner’s capital, and revenues are increased by credits and decreased by debits.
- Identify the basic steps in the recording process. The basic steps in the recording process are (a) analyze each transaction for its effects on the accounts, (b) enter the transaction information in a journal, (c) transfer the journal information to the appropriate accounts in the ledger.
- Explain what a journal is and how it helps in the recording process. The initial accounting record of a transaction is entered in a journal before the data are entered in the accounts. A journal (a) discloses in one place the complete effects of a transaction, (b) provides a chronological record of transactions, and (c) prevents or locates errors because the debit and credit amounts for each entry can be easily compared.
- Explain what a ledger is and how it helps in the recording process. The ledger is the entire group of accounts maintained by a company. The ledger provides the balance in each of the accounts as well as keeps track of changes in these balances.
- Explain what posting is and how it helps in the recording process. Posting is the transfer of journal entries to the ledger accounts. This phase of the recording process accumulates the effects of journalized transactions in the individual accounts.
- Prepare a trial balance and explain its purposes. A trial balance is a list of accounts and their balances at a given time. Its primary purpose is to prove the equality of debits and credits after posting. A trial balance also uncovers errors in journalizing and posting and is useful in preparing financial statements.
TRUE-FALSE STATEMENTS
- A new account is opened for each transaction entered into by a business firm.
Ans: F LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The recording process becomes more efficient and informative if all transactions are recorded in one account.
Ans: F LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- When the volume of transactions is large, recording them in tabular form is more efficient than using journals and ledgers.
Ans: F LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- An account is often referred to as a T-account because of the way it is constructed.
Ans: T LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A debit to an account indicates an increase in that account.
Ans: F LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- If a revenue account is credited, the revenue account is increased.
Ans: T LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The normal balance of all accounts is a debit.
Ans: F LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Debit and credit can be interpreted to mean increase and decrease, respectively.
Ans: F LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The double-entry system of accounting refers to the placement of a double line at the end of a column of figures.
Ans: F LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A credit balance in a liability account indicates that an error in recording has occurred.
Ans: F LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The drawing account is a subdivision of the owner’s capital account and appears as an expense on the income statement.
Ans: F LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Revenues are a subdivision of owner’s capital.
Ans: T LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Under the double-entry system, revenues must always equal expenses.
Ans: F LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Transactions are entered in the ledger first and then they are analyzed in terms of their effect on the accounts.
Ans: F LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Business documents can provide evidence that a transaction has occurred.
Ans: T LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Each transaction must be analyzed in terms of its effect on the accounts before it can be recorded in a journal.
Ans: T LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Transactions are entered in the ledger accounts and then transferred to journals.
Ans: F LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- All business transactions must be entered first in the general ledger.
Ans: F LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A simple journal entry requires only one debit to an account and one credit to an account.
Ans: T LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A compound journal entry requires several debits to one account and several credits to one account.
Ans: F LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Transactions are recorded in alphabetic order in a journal.
Ans: F LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A journal is also known as a book of original entry.
Ans: T LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The complete effect of a transaction on the accounts is disclosed in the journal.
Ans: T LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The account titles used in journalizing transactions need not be identical to the account titles in the ledger.
Ans: F LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The chart of accounts is a special ledger used in accounting systems.
Ans: F LO5 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A general ledger should be arranged in the order in which accounts are presented in the financial statements, beginning with the balance sheet accounts.
Ans: T LO5 BT:C K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The number and types of accounts used by different business enterprises are the same if generally accepted accounting principles are being followed by the enterprises.
Ans: F LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Posting is the process of proving the equality of debits and credits in the trial balance.
Ans: F LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- After a transaction has been posted, the reference column in the journal should not be blank.
Ans: T LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A trial balance does not prove that all transactions have been recorded or that the ledger is correct.
Ans: T LO7 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The double-entry system is a logical method for recording transactions and results in equal debits and credits for each transaction.
Ans: T LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The normal balance of an expense is a credit.
Ans: F LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The journal provides a chronological record of transactions.
Ans: T LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The ledger is merely a bookkeeping device and therefore does not provide much useful data for management.
Ans: F LO5 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The chart of accounts is a listing of the accounts and the account numbers which identify their location in the ledger.
Ans: T LO6 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The primary purpose of a trial balance is to prove the mathematical equality of the debits and credits after posting.
Ans: T LO7 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The trial balance will not balance when incorrect account titles are used in journalizing or posting.
Ans: F LO7 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: .5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Answers to True-False Statements
Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. |
1. | F | 7. | F | 13. | F | 19. | T | 25. | F | 31. | T | 37. | F |
2. | F | 8. | F | 14. | F | 20. | F | 26. | T | 32. | F | ||
3. | F | 9. | F | 15. | T | 21. | F | 27. | F | 33. | T | ||
4. | T | 10. | F | 16. | T | 22. | T | 28. | F | 34. | F | ||
5. | F | 11. | F | 17. | F | 23. | T | 29. | T | 35. | T | ||
6. | T | 12. | T | 18. | F | 24. | F | 30. | T | 36. | T |
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
- An account consists of
- one part.
- two parts.
- three parts.
- four parts.
Ans: c LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The left side of an account is
- blank.
- a description of the account.
- the debit side.
- the balance of the account.
Ans: c LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which one of the following is not a part of an account?
- Credit side
- Trial balance
- Debit side
- Title
Ans: b LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- An account is a part of the financial information system and is described by all except which one of the following?
- An account has a debit and credit side.
- An account is a source document.
- An account may be part of a manual or a computerized accounting system.
- An account has a title.
Ans: b LO1 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The right side of an account
- is the correct side.
- reflects all transactions for the accounting period.
- shows all the balances of the accounts in the system.
- is the credit side.
Ans: d LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- An account consists of
- a title, a debit balance, and a credit balance.
- a title, a left side, and a debit balance.
- a title, a debit side, and a credit side.
- a title, a right side, and a debit balance.
Ans: c LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A T-account is
- a way of depicting the basic form of an account.
- what the computer uses to organize bytes of information.
- a special account used instead of a trial balance.
- used for accounts that have both a debit and credit balance.
Ans: a LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Credits
- decrease both assets and liabilities.
- decrease assets and increase liabilities.
- increase both assets and liabilities.
- increase assets and decrease liabilities.
Ans: b LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A debit to an asset account indicates
- an error.
- a credit was made to a liability account.
- a decrease in the asset.
- an increase in the asset.
Ans: d LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The normal balance of any account is the
- left side.
- right side.
- side which increases that account.
- side which decreases that account.
Ans: c LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The double-entry system requires that each transaction must be recorded
- in at least two different accounts.
- in two sets of books.
- in a journal and in a ledger.
- first as a revenue and then as an expense.
Ans: a LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A credit is not the normal balance for which account listed below?
- Capital account
- Revenue account
- Liability account
- Drawings account
Ans: d LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which one of the following represents the expanded basic accounting equation?
- Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Capital + Owner’s Drawings – Revenue – Expenses.
- Assets + Owner’s Drawings + Expenses = Liabilities + Owner’s Capital + Revenues.
- Assets – Liabilities – Owner’s Drawings = Owner’s Capital + Revenues – Expenses.
- Assets = Revenues + Expenses – Liabilities.
Ans: b LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following correctly identifies normal balances of accounts?
- Assets Debit
Liabilities Credit
Owner’s Equity Credit
Revenues Debit
Expenses Credit
- Assets Debit
Liabilities Credit
Owner’s Equity Credit
Revenues Credit
Expenses Credit
- Assets Credit
Liabilities Debit
Owner’s Equity Debit
Revenues Credit
Expenses Debit
- Assets Debit
Liabilities Credit
Owner’s Equity Credit
Revenues Credit
Expenses Debit
Ans: d LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The best interpretation of the word credit is the
- offset side of an account.
- increase side of an account.
- right side of an account.
- decrease side of an account.
Ans: c LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- In recording an accounting transaction in a double-entry system
- the number of debit accounts must equal the number of credit accounts.
- there must always be entries made on both sides of the accounting equation.
- the amount of the debits must equal the amount of the credits.
- there must only be two accounts affected by any transaction.
Ans: c LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- An accounting convention is best described as
- an absolute truth.
- an accounting custom.
- an optional rule.
- something that cannot be changed.
Ans: b LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A debit is not the normal balance for which account listed below?
- Drawings
- Cash
- Accounts Receivable
- Service Revenue
Ans: d LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- An accountant has debited an asset account for $1,200 and credited a liability account for $500. What can be done to complete the recording of the transaction?
- Nothing further must be done.
- Debit an owner’s equity account for $700.
- Debit another asset account for $700.
- Credit a different asset account for $700.
Ans: d LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- An accountant has debited an asset account for $1,300 and credited a liability account for $500. Which of the following would be an incorrect way to complete the recording of the transaction?
- Credit an asset account for $800.
- Credit another liability account for $800.
- Credit an owner’s equity account for $800.
- Debit an owner’s equity account for $800.
Ans: d LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following is not true of the terms debit and credit?
- They can be abbreviated as Dr. and Cr.
- They can be interpreted to mean increase and decrease.
- They can be used to describe the balance of an account.
- They can be interpreted to mean left and right.
Ans: b LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- An account will have a credit balance if the
- credits exceed the debits.
- first transaction entered was a credit.
- debits exceed the credits.
- last transaction entered was a credit.
Ans: a LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- For the basic accounting equation to stay in balance, each transaction recorded must
- affect two or less accounts.
- affect two or more accounts.
- always affect exactly two accounts.
- affect the same number of asset and liability accounts.
Ans: b LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following statements is true?
- Debits increase assets and increase liabilities.
- Credits decrease assets and decrease liabilities.
- Credits decrease assets and increase liabilities.
- Debits decrease liabilities and decrease assets.
Ans: c LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Assets normally show
- credit balances.
- debit balances.
- debit and credit balances.
- debit or credit balances.
Ans: b LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- An awareness of the normal balances of accounts would help you spot which of the following as an error in recording?
- A debit balance in the drawings account
- A credit balance in an expense account
- A credit balance in a liabilities account
- A credit balance in a revenue account
Ans: b LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- If a company has overdrawn its bank balance, then
- its cash account will show a debit balance.
- its cash account will show a credit balance.
- the cash account debits will exceed the cash account credits.
- it cannot be detected by observing the balance of the cash account.
Ans: b LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which account below is not a subdivision of owner’s equity?
- Drawings
- Revenues
- Expenses
- Liabilities
Ans: d LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- When an owner makes a withdrawal
- it doesn’t have to be cash, it could be another asset.
- the drawing account will be increased with a credit.
- the capital account will be directly increased with a debit.
- the drawing account will be decreased with a debit.
Ans: a LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The drawings account
- appears on the income statement along with the expenses of the business.
- must show transactions every accounting period.
- is increased with debits and decreased with credits.
- is not a proper subdivision of owner’s equity.
Ans: c LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following statements is not true?
- Expenses increase owner’s equity.
- Expenses have normal debit balances.
- Expenses decrease owner’s equity.
- Expenses are a negative factor in the computation of net income.
Ans: a LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A credit to a liability account
- indicates an increase in the amount owed to creditors.
- indicates a decrease in the amount owed to creditors.
- is an error.
- must be accompanied by a debit to an asset account.
Ans: a LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- In the first month of operations, the total of the debit entries to the cash account amounted to $1,200 and the total of the credit entries to the cash account amounted to $800. The cash account has a(n)
- $800 credit balance.
- $1,200 debit balance.
- $400 debit balance.
- $400 credit balance.
Ans: c LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $1,200 – $800 = $400
- TransAm Mail Service purchased equipment for $2,000. TransAm paid $400 in cash and signed a note for the balance. TransAm debited the Equipment account, credited Cash and
- nothing further must be done.
- debited the Capital account for $1,600.
- credited another asset account for $400.
- credited a liability account for $1,600.
Ans: d LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $2,000 – $400 = $1,600
- Radio Moscow Industries purchased supplies for $1,000. They paid $400 in cash and agreed to pay the balance in 30 days. The journal entry to record this transaction would include a debit to an asset account for $1,000, a credit to a liability account for $600. Which of the following would be the correct way to complete the recording of the transaction?
- Credit an asset account for $400.
- Credit another liability account for $400.
- Credit the Capital account for $400.
- Debit the Capital account for $400.
Ans: a LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- On January 14, Edamame Industries purchased supplies of $700 on account. The entry to record the purchase will include
- a debit to Supplies and a credit to Accounts Payable.
- a debit to Supplies Expense and a credit to Accounts Receivable.
- a debit to Supplies and a credit to Cash.
- a debit to Accounts Receivable and a credit to Supplies.
Ans: a LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- On June 1, 2014, Portugal Inc. reported a cash balance of $12,000. During June, Portugal made deposits of $5,000 and made disbursements totalling $14,000. What is the cash balance at the end of June?
- $3,000 debit balance
- $17,000 debit balance
- $3,000 credit balance
- $2,000 credit balance
Ans: a LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $12,000 + $5,000 – $14,000 = $3,000
- At January 1, 2014, Alligator Industries reported owner’s equity of $150,000. During 2014, Alligator had a net loss of $30,000 and owner drawings of $15,000. At December 31, 2014, the amount of owner’s equity is
- $105,000.
- $120,000.
- $135,000.
- $165,000.
Ans: a LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $150,000 – $30,000 – $15,000 = $105,000
- Silver Mt. Zion pays its employees twice a month, on the 7th and the 21st. On June 21, Silver Mt. Zion paid employee salaries of $5,000. This transaction would
- increase owner’s equity by $5,000.
- decrease the balance in Salaries and Wages Expense by $5,000.
- decrease net income for the month by $5,000.
- be recorded by a $5,000 debit to Salaries and Wages Payable and a $5,000 credit to Salaries and Wages Expense.
Ans: c LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- In the first month of operations for Gallowsbird Industries, the total of the debit entries to the cash account amounted to $36,000 ($16,000 investment by the owner and revenues of $20,000). The total of the credit entries to the cash account amounted to $22,000 (purchase of equipment $8,000 and payment of expenses $14,000). At the end of the month, the cash account has a(n)
- $6,000 credit balance.
- $6,000 debit balance.
- $14,000 debit balance.
- $14,000 credit balance.
Ans: c LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $36,000 – $22,000 = $14,000 debit
- Chik Chik Company showed the following balances at the end of its first year:
Cash $ 6,000
Prepaid insurance 9,400
Accounts receivable 7000
Accounts payable 5,600
Notes payable 8,400
Owner’s Capital 2,800
Owner’s Drawings 1,400
Revenues 44,000
Expenses 35,000
What did Chik Chik Company show as total credits on its trial balance?
- $51,400
- $60,800
- $62,200
- $70,200
Ans: b LO2 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1.5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
Solution: $5,600 + $8,400 + $2,800 + $44,000 = $60,800
- Electrelane Company showed the following balances at the end of its first year:
Cash $ 4,000
Prepaid insurance 7,000
Accounts receivable 5,000
Accounts payable 4,000
Notes payable 6,000
Owner’s Capital 2,000
Owner’s Drawings 1,000
Revenues 32,000
Expenses 25,000
What did Electrelene Company show as total credits on its trial balance?
- $9,000
- $44,000
- $45,000
- $49,000
Ans: b LO2 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1.5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
Solution: $4,000 + $6,000 + $2,000 + $32,000 = $44,000
- During February 2014, its first month of operations, the owner of Ariel Pink Enterprises invested cash of $50,000. Ariel had cash revenues of $10,000 and paid expenses of $14,000. Assuming no other transactions impacted the cash account, what is the balance in Cash at February 28?
- $4,000 credit
- $4,000 debit
- $46,000 debit
- $54,000 debit
Ans: c LO2 BT: AP Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $50,000 + $10,000 – $14,000 = $46,000
- At January 31, 2014, the balance in Aislers Inc.’s supplies account was $750. During February, Aislers purchased supplies of $900 and used supplies of $1,125. At the end of February, the balance in the supplies account should be
- $525 debit.
- $975 debit.
- $525 credit.
- $975 debit.
Ans: a SO3 BT: AP Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $750 + $900 – $1,125 = $525 debit
- At December 1, 2014, Cursive Company’s accounts receivable balance was $1,800. During December, Cursive had credit sales of $7,200 and collected accounts receivable of $6,000. At December 31, 2012, the accounts receivable balance is
- $600 debit.
- $3,000 debit.
- $600 credit.
- $3,000 credit.
Ans: b LO2 BT: AP Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $1,800 + $7,200 – $6,000 = $3,000 debit
- At October 1, 2014, Padilla Industries had an accounts payable balance of $40,000. During the month, the company made purchases on account of $33,000 and made payments on account of $48,000. At October 31, 2014, the accounts payable balance is
- $25,000.
- $41,000.
- $55,000.
- $121,000.
Ans: a LO2 BT: AP Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $40,000 + 33,000 – $48,000 = $25,000
- During 2014, its first year of operations, Neko’s Bakery had revenues of $60,000 and expenses of $35,000. The business had owner drawings of $20,000. What is the amount of owner’s equity at December 31, 2014?
- $0
- $5,000 credit
- $25,000 credit
- $20,000 debit
Ans: b LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $0 + ($60,000 – $35,000) – $20,000 = $5,000
- On July 7, 2014, Hidden Comera Enterprises performed cash services of $1,700. The entry to record this transaction would include
- a debit to Service Revenue of $1,700.
- a credit to Accounts Receivable of $1,700.
- a debit to Cash of $1,700.
- a credit to Accounts Payable of $1,700.
Ans: c LO2 BT: AP Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- At September 1, 2014, Promise Ring Co. reported owner’s equity of $156,000. During the month, Promise Ring generated revenues of $38,000, incurred expenses of $21,000, purchased equipment for $5,000 and withdrew cash of $2,000. What is the amount of owner’s equity at September 30, 2014?
- $166,000
- $171,000
- $173,000
- $176,000
Ans: b LO2 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1.5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Solution: $156,000 + ($38,000 – $21,000) – $2,000 = $171,000
- The final step in the recording process is to
- analyze each transaction.
- enter the transaction in a journal.
- prepare a trial balance.
- transfer journal information to ledger accounts.
Ans: d LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The usual sequence of steps in the transaction recording process is:
- journal à analyze à ledger.
- analyze à journal à ledger.
- journal à ledger à analyze.
- ledger à journal à analyze.
Ans: b LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- In recording business transactions, evidence that an accounting transaction has taken place is obtained from
- business documents.
- the Internal Revenue Service.
- the public relations department.
- the SEC.
Ans: a LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- After a business transaction has been analyzed and entered in the book of original entry, the next step in the recording process is to transfer the information to
- the company’s bank.
- owner’s equity.
- ledger accounts.
- financial statements.
Ans: c LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The first step in the recording process is to
- prepare financial statements.
- analyze each transaction for its effect on the accounts.
- post to a journal.
- prepare a trial balance.
Ans: b LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Evidence that would not help with determining the effects of a transaction on the accounts would be a(n)
- cash register sales tape.
- bill.
- advertising brochure.
- check.
Ans: c LO3 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- After transaction information has been recorded in the journal, it is transferred to the
- trial balance.
- income statement.
- book of original entry.
- ledger.
Ans: d LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The usual sequence of steps in the recording process is to analyze each transaction, enter the transaction in the
- journal, and transfer the information to the ledger accounts.
- ledger, and transfer the information to the journal.
- book of accounts, and transfer the information to the journal.
- book of original entry, and transfer the information to the journal.
Ans: a LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The final step in the recording process is to transfer the journal information to the
- trial balance.
- financial statements.
- ledger.
- file cabinets.
Ans: c LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The recording process occurs
- once a year.
- once a month.
- repeatedly during the accounting period.
- infrequently in a manual accounting system.
Ans: c LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A compound journal entry involves
- two accounts.
- three accounts.
- three or more accounts.
- four or more accounts.
Ans: c LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A journal provides
- the balances for each account.
- information about a transaction in several different places.
- a list of all accounts used in the business.
- a chronological record of transactions.
Ans: d LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- When three or more accounts are required in one journal entry, the entry is referred to as a
- compound entry.
- triple entry.
- multiple entry.
- simple entry.
Ans: a LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- When two accounts are required in one journal entry, the entry is referred to as a
- balanced entry.
- simple entry.
- posting.
- nominal entry.
Ans: b LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Another name for a journal is
- listing.
- book of original entry.
- book of accounts.
- book of source documents.
Ans: b LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The standard format of a journal would not include
- a reference column.
- an account title column.
- a T-account.
- a date column.
Ans: c LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
103 Transactions in a journal are initially recorded in
- account number order.
- dollar amount order.
- alphabetical order.
- chronological order.
Ans: d LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
104 A journal is not useful for
- disclosing in one place the complete effect of a transaction.
- preparing financial statements.
- providing a record of transactions.
- locating and preventing errors.
Ans: b LO4 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
105 A complete journal entry does not show
- the date of the transaction.
- the new balance in the accounts affected by the transaction.
- a brief explanation of the transaction.
- the accounts and amounts to be debited and credited.
Ans: b LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The name given to entering transaction data in the journal is
- chronicling.
- listing.
- posting.
- journalizing.
Ans: d LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The standard form of a journal entry has the
- debit account entered first and indented.
- credit account entered first and indented.
- debit account entered first at the extreme left margin.
- credit account entered first at the extreme left margin.
Ans: c LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- When journalizing, the reference column is
- left blank.
- used to reference the source document.
- used to reference the journal page.
- used to reference the financial statements.
Ans: a LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- On June 1, 2014 Ted Leo Le buys a copier machine for his business and finances this purchase with cash and a note. When journalizing this transaction, he will
- use two journal entries.
- make a compound entry.
- make a simple entry.
- list the credit entries first, which is proper form for this type of transaction.
Ans: b LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following journal entries is recorded correctly and in the standard format?
- Salaries and Wages Expense ………………………………………. 500
Cash …………………………………………………………………….. 1,500
Advertising Expense ……………………………………………………. 1,000
- Salaries and Wages Expense ………………………………………. 500
Advertising Expense ……………………………………………………. 1,000
Cash …………………………………………………………………….. 1,500
- Cash ………………………………………………………………………….. 1,500
Salaries and Wages Expense …………………………………. 500
Advertising Expense ………………………………………………. 1,000
- Salaries and Wages Expense ………………………………………. 500
Advertising Expense ……………………………………………………. 1,000
Cash …………………………………………………………………….. 1,500
Ans: d LO4 BT: AN Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: Analysis AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
- The ledger should be arranged in
- alphabetical order.
- chronological order.
- dollar amount order.
- financial statement order.
Ans: d LO5 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The entire group of accounts maintained by a company is called the
- chart of accounts.
- general journal.
- general ledger.
- trial balance.
Ans: c LO5 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- An accounting record of the balances of all assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity accounts is called a
- compound entry.
- general journal.
- general ledger.
- chart of accounts.
Ans: c LO5 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The usual ordering of accounts in the general ledger is
- assets, liabilities, owner’s capital, drawings, revenues, and expenses.
- assets, liabilities, drawings, owner’s capital, expenses, and revenues.
- liabilities, assets, owner’s capital, revenues, expenses, and drawings.
- owner’s capital, assets, liabilities, drawings, expenses, and revenues.
Ans: a LO5 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Management could determine the amounts due from customers by examining which ledger account?
- Service Revenue
- Accounts Payable
- Accounts Receivable
- Supplies
Ans: c LO5 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The ledger accounts should be arranged in
- chronological order.
- alphabetical order.
- financial statement order.
- order of appearance in the journal.
Ans: c LO5 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A three column form of account is so named because it has columns for
- debit, credit, and account name.
- debit, credit, and reference.
- debit, credit, and balance.
- debit, credit, and date.
Ans: c LO5 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- On August 13, 2014, Swell Maps Enterprises purchased office equipment for $1,500 and office supplies of $200 on account. Which of the following journal entries is recorded correctly and in the standard format?
- Equipment ……………………………………………………………….. 1,500
Account Payable…………………………………………………….. 1,700
Supplies ………………………………………………………………….. 200
- Equipment. ……………………………………………………………….. 1,500
Supplies ……………………………………………………………….. 200
Accounts Payable…………………………………………………… 1,700
- Accounts Payable………………………………………………………… 1,700
Equipment……………………………………………………………… 1,500
Supplies……………………………………………………………….. 200
- Equipment ……………………………………………………………….. 1,500
Supplies ………………………………………………………………….. 200
Accounts Payable…………………………………………………… 1,700
Ans: d LO5 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Delta72 Company received a cash advance of $700 from a customer. As a result of this event,
- assets increased by $700.
- owner’s equity increased by $700.
- liabilities decreased by $700.
- assets and owner’s equity both increased by $700.
Ans: a LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Camper Van Company purchased equipment for $2,600 cash. As a result of this event,
- owner’s equity decreased by $2,600.
- total assets increased by $2,600.
- total assets remained unchanged.
- owner’s equity decreased and total assets increased by $2,600.
Ans: c LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Beethoven Company provided consulting services and billed the client $3,100. As a result of this event,
- assets remained unchanged.
- assets increased by $3,100.
- owner’s equity increased by $3,100.
- assets and owner’s equity both increased by $3,100.
Ans: d LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The first step in posting involves
- entering in the appropriate ledger account the date, journal page, and debit amount shown in the journal.
- writing in the journal the account number to which the debit amount was posted.
- writing in the journal the account number to which the credit amount was posted.
- entering in the appropriate ledger account the date, journal page, and credit amount shown in the journal.
Ans: a LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A chart of accounts usually starts with
- asset accounts.
- expense accounts.
- liability accounts.
- revenue accounts.
Ans: a LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The procedure of transferring journal entries to the ledger accounts is called
- journalizing.
- analyzing.
- reporting.
- posting.
Ans: d LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A number in the reference column in a general journal indicates
- that the entry has been posted to a particular account.
- the page number of the journal.
- the dollar amount of the transaction.
- the date of the transaction.
Ans: a LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A chart of accounts for a business firm
- is a graph.
- indicates the amount of profit or loss for the period.
- lists the accounts and account numbers that identify their location in the ledger.
- shows the balance of each account in the general ledger.
Ans: c LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Posting
- should be performed in account number order.
- accumulates the effects of journalized transactions in the individual accounts.
- involves transferring all debits and credits on a journal page to the trial balance.
- is accomplished by examining ledger accounts and seeing which ones need updating.
Ans: b LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- After journal entries are posted, the reference column
- of the general journal will be blank.
- of the general ledger will show journal page numbers.
- of the general journal will show “Dr” or “Cr”.
- of the general ledger will show account numbers.
Ans: b LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The explanation column of the general ledger
- is completed without exception.
- is nonexistent.
- is used infrequently.
- shows account titles.
Ans: c LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A numbering system for a chart of accounts
- is prescribed by GAAP.
- is uniform for all businesses.
- usually starts with income statement accounts.
- usually starts with balance sheet accounts.
Ans: d LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The first step in designing a computerized accounting system is the creation of the
- general ledger.
- general journal.
- trial balance.
- chart of accounts.
Ans: d LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The steps in preparing a trial balance include all of the following except
- listing the account titles and their balances.
- totaling the debit and credit columns.
- proving the equality of the two columns.
- transferring journal amounts to ledger accounts.
Ans: d LO7 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A trial balance may balance even when each of the following occurs except when
- a transaction is not journalized.
- a journal entry is posted twice.
- incorrect accounts are used in journalizing.
- a transposition error is made.
Ans: d LO7 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A list of accounts and their balances at a given time is called a(n)
- journal.
- posting.
- trial balance.
- income statement.
Ans: c LO7 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- If the sum of the debit column equals the sum of the credit column in a trial balance, it indicates
- no errors have been made.
- no errors can be discovered.
- that all accounts reflect correct balances.
- the mathematical equality of the accounting equation.
Ans: d LO7 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A trial balance is a listing of
- transactions in a journal.
- the chart of accounts.
- general ledger accounts and balances.
- the totals from the journal pages.
Ans: c LO7 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Customarily, a trial balance is prepared
- at the end of each day.
- after each journal entry is posted.
- at the end of an accounting period.
- only at the inception of the business.
Ans: c LO7 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A trial balance would only help in detecting which one of the following errors?
- A transaction that is not journalized
- A journal entry that is posted twice
- Offsetting errors are made in recording the transaction
- A transposition error when transferring the debit side of journal entry to the ledger
Ans: d LO7 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
139….. An account is an individual accounting record of increases and decreases in specific
- liabilities.
- assets.
- expenses.
- assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity items.
Ans: d LO1 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A debit is not the normal balance for which of the following?
- Asset account
- Drawing account
- Expense account
- Capital account
Ans: d LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following rules is incorrect?
- Credits decrease the drawing account.
- Debits increase the capital account.
- Credits increase revenue accounts.
- Debits decrease liability accounts.
Ans: b LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following statements is false?
- Revenues increase owner’s equity.
- Revenues have normal credit balances.
- Revenues are a positive factor in the computation of net income.
- Revenues are increased by debits.
Ans: d LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in the recording process?
- Posting, journalizing, analyzing
- Journalizing, analyzing, posting
- Analyzing, posting, journalizing
- Analyzing, journalizing, posting
Ans: d LO3 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following is false about a journal?
- It discloses in one place the complete effects of a transaction.
- It provides a chronological record of transactions.
- It helps to prevent or locate errors because debit and credit amounts for each entry can be readily compared.
- It keeps in one place all the information about changes in specific account balances.
Ans: d LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Deerhoof Company purchases equipment for $2,700 and supplies for $400 from Milkman Co. for $3,100 cash. The entry for this transaction will include a
- debit to Equipment $2,700 and a debit to Supplies Expense $400 for Milkman.
- credit to Cash for Milkman.
- credit to Accounts Payable for Deerhoof.
- debit to Equipment $2,700 and a debit to Supplies $400 for Deerhoof.
Ans: d LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Devendra Banhart withdraws $600 cash from her business for personal use. The entry for this transaction will include a debit of $600 to
- Owner’s Drawings.
- Owner’s Capital.
- Owner’s Salaries Expense.
- Salaries and Wages Expense.
Ans: a LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- On October 3, Karl Schickele, a carpenter, received a cash payment for services previously billed to a client. Karl paid his telephone bill, and he also bought equipment on credit. For the three transactions, at least one of the entries will include a
- credit to Owner’s Capital.
- credit to Notes Payable.
- debit to Accounts Receivable.
- credit to Accounts Payable.
Ans: d LO4 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1.5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Posting of journal entries should be done in
- account number order.
- alphabetical order.
- chronological order.
- dollar amount order.
Ans: c LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The chart of accounts is a
- list of accounts and their balances at a given time.
- device used to prove the mathematical accuracy of the ledger.
- listing of the accounts and the account numbers which identify their location in the ledger.
- required step in the recording process.
Ans: c LO6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following is incorrect regarding a trial balance?
- It proves that the debits equal the credits after posting.
- It proves that the company has recorded all transactions.
- A trial balance uncovers errors in journalizing and posting.
- A trial balance is useful in the preparation of financial statements.
Ans: b LO7 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- A trial balance will not balance if
- a journal entry is posted twice.
- a wrong amount is used in journalizing.
- incorrect account titles are used in journalizing.
- a journal entry is only partially posted.
Ans: d LO7 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following are the same under both GAAP and IFRS?
- The account.
- Debit and credit rules.
- Steps in the recording process.
- All of these answer choices are correct.
Ans: d LO8 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following are the same under both GAAP and IFRS?
- The journal.
- The ledger.
- The chart of accounts.
- All of these answer choices are correct.
Ans: d LO8 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Which of the following is true?
- Transaction analysis is completely different under IFRS and GAAP.
- Most transactions are recorded differently under IFRS and GAAP.
- Transaction analysis is the same under IFRS and GAAP, but some transactions are recorded differently.
- All transactions are recorded the same under IFRS and GAAP.
Ans: c LO8 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- European companies rely
- less on historical cost and more on fair values than U.S. companies.
- less on fair values and more on historical cost than U.S. companies.
- completely on fair values for financial reporting.
- completely on historical cost for financial reporting.
Ans: a LO8 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- The double–entry accounting system is the basis of accounting systems
- worldwide.
- worldwide, except for the U.S.
- in the U.S. only
- neither internationally nor in the U.S.
Ans: a LO8 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- Under IFRS, the trial balance
- follows the same format as under GAAP.
- shows credits on the left and debits on the right.
- includes less accounts than under GAAP.
- includes more accounts than under GAAP.
Ans: a LO8 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
- In deciding whether the U.S. should adopt IFRS, the issue the SEC said should be considered is
- whether IFRS is sufficiently developed and consistent in application.
- whether the IFRS is established for the benefit of investors.
- the impact of a switch to IFRS on U.S. laws and regulations.
- all of these answer choices are correct.
Ans: d LO8 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 1 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Answers to Multiple Choice Questions
Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. | Item | Ans. |
38. | c | 56. | d | 74. | a | 92. | c | 110. | d | 128. | b | 146. | a |
39. | c | 57. | d | 75. | a | 93. | d | 111. | d | 129. | c | 147. | d |
40. | b | 58. | b | 76. | c | 94. | a | 112. | c | 130. | d | 148. | c |
41. | b | 59. | a | 77. | c | 95. | c | 113. | c | 131. | d | 149. | c |
42. | d | 60. | b | 78. | b | 96. | c | 114. | a | 132. | d | 150. | b |
43. | c | 61. | c | 79. | b | 97. | c | 115. | c | 133. | d | 151. | d |
44. | a | 62. | b | 80. | c | 98. | d | 116. | c | 134. | c | 152. | d |
45. | b | 63. | b | 81. | a | 99. | a | 117. | c | 135. | d | 153. | d |
46. | d | 64. | b | 82. | b | 100. | b | 118. | d | 136. | c | 154. | c |
47. | c | 65. | d | 83. | a | 101. | b | 119. | a | 137. | c | 155. | a |
48. | a | 66. | a | 84. | b | 102. | c | 120. | c | 138. | d | 156. | a |
49. | d | 67. | c | 85. | c | 103. | d | 121. | d | 139. | d | 157. | a |
50. | b | 68. | a | 86. | b | 104. | b | 122. | a | 140. | d | 158. | d |
51. | d | 69. | a | 87. | d | 105. | b | 123. | a | 141. | b | ||
52. | c | 70. | c | 88. | b | 106. | d | 124. | d | 142. | d | ||
53. | c | 71. | d | 89. | a | 107. | c | 125. | a | 143. | d | ||
54. | b | 72. | a | 90. | c | 108. | a | 126. | c | 144. | d | ||
55. | d | 73. | a | 91. | b | 109. | b | 127. | b | 145. | d |
BRIEF Exercises
BE 159
At June 1, 2014, Coquehcot Industries had an accounts receivable balance of $12,000. During the month, the company performed credit services of $30,000 and collected accounts receivable of $22,000. What is the balance in accounts receivable at June 30, 2014?
Solution 159
The balance at the end of the month is $15,000, calculated as follows:
Beginning accounts receivable $12,000
Add: Credit sales 30,000
Less: Collections (22,000)
Ending accounts receivable $20,000
LO2 BT: AP Difficulty: Easy TOT: 3 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
BE 160
TNT has the following transactions during April of the current year. Indicate
(a) the effect on the accounting equation and (b) the debit-credit analysis.
Apr. 1 Opens a law office, investing $25,000 in cash.
4 Pays rent in advance for 6 months, $9,000 cash.
16 Receives $8,000 from clients for services provided.
27 Pays secretary $2,800 salary.
Solution 160
(a) | Effect on Accounting Equation | (b) | Debit-Credit Analysis | |||
Aug. 1
|
The asset Cash is increased; the owner’s equity Capital account is increased. | Debits increase assets: debit Cash $25,000. Credits increase owner’s equity: credit Owner’s Capital $25,000. |
||||
4 | The asset Prepaid Rent is increased; the asset Cash is decreased. | Debits increase assets: debit Prepaid Rent $9,000. Credits decrease assets: credit Cash $9,000. |
||||
16 | The asset Cash is increased; the revenue Service Revenue is increased. | Debits increase assets: debit Cash $8,000. Credits increase revenues: credit Service Revenue $8,000. |
||||
27 | The expense Salaries and Wages Expense is increased; the asset Cash is decreased. | Debits increase expenses: debit Salaries and Wages Expense $2,800. Credits decrease assets: credit Cash $2,800. |
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 6 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
BE 161
For each of the following accounts indicate the effect of a debit or a credit on the account and the normal balance. Increase (+), Decrease (–).
Debit_ _Credit_ Normal Balance
- Salaries and wages expense. _______ _______ _______
- Accounts receivable. _______ _______ _______
- Service revenue. _______ _______ _______
- Owner’s Capital. _______ _______ _______
- Owner’s Drawings. _______ _______ _______
Solution 161
Debit_ _Credit_ Normal Balance
- Salaries and wages expense. __ +___ ___–___ __ Dr___
- Accounts receivable. __ +___ ___–___ __ Dr___
- Service revenue. __ –____ ___+___ __ Cr___
- Owner’s Capital. __ –____ ___+___ __ Cr___
- Owner’s Drawings. __ +___ ___–___ __ Dr___
LO2 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
BE 162
For each of the following transactions of Neon Garden, identify the account to be debited and the account to be credited.
- Purchased 18-month insurance policy for cash.
- Paid weekly payroll.
- Purchased supplies on account.
- Received utility bill to be paid at later date.
Solution 162
Transaction Debit Credit
1 Prepaid Insurance Cash
2 Salaries and Wages Expense Cash
3 Supplies Accounts Payable
4 Utilities Expense Accounts Payable
LO4 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 4 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
BE 163
Journalize the following business transactions in general journal form. Identify each transaction by number. You may omit explanations of the transaction.
- Andrew Bird invested $35,000 cash to start an appliance repair business.
- Hired an employee to be paid $400 per week, starting tomorrow.
- Paid two years’ rent in advance, $7,440.
- Paid the worker’s weekly wage.
- Recorded revenue earned and received for the week, $1,900.
Solution 163
- Cash……………………………………………………………………………………. 35,000
Owner’s Capital……………………………………………………………… 35,000
- No entry, not a transaction.
- Prepaid Rent………………………………………………………………………….. 7,440
Cash……………………………………………………………………………… 7,440
Solution 163 (cont.)
- Salaries and Wages Expense………………………………………………….. 400
Cash……………………………………………………………………………… 400
- Cash…………………………………………………………………………………… 1,900
Service Revenue……………………………………………………………. 1,900
LO4 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
BE 164
Identify the impact on the accounting equation of the following transactions.
- Purchased 36-month insurance policy for cash.
- Purchased supplies on account.
- Received utility bill to be paid at later date.
- Paid utility bill previously accrued.
Solution 164
- Net effect is no change: Increases assets and decreases assets.
- Increases assets and increases liabilities.
- Increases liabilities and decreases owner’s equity.
- Decreases assets and decreases liabilities
LO4 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 4 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
BE 165
Journalize the following transactions for Xiu Xiu Company for June 2014, the company’s first month of operations. You may omit explanations for the transactions.
- Purchased equipment on account for $9,000.
- Billed customers $5,000 for services performed.
- Made payment of $2,300 on account for equipment purchased earlier in month.
- Collected $2,900 on customer accounts.
Solution 165
- Equipment……………………………………………………………………………… 9,000
Accounts Payable…………………………………………………………… 9,000
- Accounts Receivable………………………………………………………………. 5,000
Service Revenue……………………………………………………………. 5,000
- Accounts Payable…………………………………………………………………… 2,300
Cash……………………………………………………………………………… 2,300
- Cash……………………………………………………………………………………… 2,900
Accounts Receivable………………………………………………………. 2,900
LO4 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 4 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
BE 166
The following transactions took place for Xiu Xiu company:
- Purchased equipment on account for $9,000.
- Billed customers $5,000 for services performed.
- Made payment of $2,300 on account for equipment purchased earlier in month.
- Collected $2,900 on customer accounts.
- What is the balance in Accounts Payable at June 30, 2014?
- What is the balance in Accounts Receivable at June 30, 2014?
Solution 166
- Accounts Payable at June 30, 2014:
Beginning accounts payable $ 0
Purchases on account 9,000
Payments on account (2,300)
Ending accounts payable $6,700
- Accounts Receivable at June 30, 2014:
Beginning accounts receivable $ 0
Billed to customers 5,000
Collections from customers (2,900)
Ending accounts receivable $2,100
LO6 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 6 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
BE 167
The transactions of the Liberty Belle Store are recorded in the general journal below. You are to post the journal entries to T-accounts.
General Journal
______________________________________________________________________________
Date Account Titles Debit Credit
______________________________________________________________________________
2014
Aug. 5 Accounts Receivable 4,400
Service Revenue 4,400
10 Cash 3,000
Service Revenue 3,000
19 Rent Expense 1,100
Cash 1,100
25 Cash 1,400
Accounts Receivable 1,400
BE 167 (cont.)
General Ledger
Cash Accounts Receivable
Service Revenue Rent Expense
Solution 167
General Ledger
Cash Accounts Receivable
8/10 3,000 8/19 1,100 8/5 4,400 8/25 1,400
8/25 1,400
8/31 Bal. 3,300 8/31 Bal. 3,000
Service Revenue Rent Expense
8/5 4,400 8/19 1,100
8/10 3,000
8/31 Bal. 7,400 8/31 Bal. 1,100
LO6 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
BE 168
Prepare a trial balance from the ledger accounts of Black Diamond Express as of January 31, 2014.
Accounts Payable $ 1,100 Rent Expense $ 500
Accounts Receivable 1,700 Service Revenue 3,000
Cash 1,400 Supplies 200
Owner’s Capital 2,000 Salaries and Wages Expense 1,300
Owner’s Drawings 1,000
Solution 168
BLACK DIAMOND EXPRESS
Trial Balance
January 31, 2014
Debit Credit
Cash $ 1,400
Accounts Receivable 1,700
Supplies 200
Accounts Payable $ 1,100
Owner’s Capital 2,000
Owner’s Drawings 1,000
Service Revenue 3,000
Rent Expense 500
Salaries and Wages Expense 1,300
$6,100 $6,100
LO7 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
BE 169
Prepare a corrected trial balance for Stereolab Company. All accounts should have a normal balance.
STEROELAB COMPANY
Trial Balance
For the Quarter Ended 3/31/14
Debit Credit
Cash $ 14,000
Accounts Receivable $ 23,000
Prepaid Insurance 2,500
Equipment 60,000
Accounts Payable 15,000
Unearned Service Revenue 10,000
Notes Payable 25,000
Owner’s Capital 38,000
Owner’s Drawings 1,500
Service Revenue 43,000
Salaries and Wages Expense 15,000
Utilities Expense 5,000
Rent Expense 10,000
$116,500 $145,500
Solution 169
STEREOLAB COMPANY
Trial Balance
For the Quarter Ended 3/31/14
Debit Credit
Cash $ 14,000
Accounts Receivable 23,000
Prepaid Insurance 2,500
Equipment 60,000
Accounts Payable $ 15,000
Unearned Service Revenue 10,000
Notes Payable 25,000
Owner’s Capital 38,000
Owner’s Drawings 1,500
Service Revenue 43,000
Salaries and Wages Expense 15,000
Utilities Expense 5,000
Rent Expense 10,000
$131,000 $131,000
LO7 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 6 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
Exercises
Ex. 170
The chart of accounts used by Notwist Copy Company is listed below. You are to indicate the proper accounts to be debited and credited for the following transactions by writing the account number(s) in the appropriate boxes.
CHART OF ACCOUNTS
101 Cash 209 Unearned Service Revenue
112 Accounts Receivable 301 Owner’s Capital
125 Supplies 306 Owner’s Drawings
157 Equipment 400 Service Revenue
200 Notes Payable 610 Advertising Expense
201 Accounts Payable 729 Rent Expense
———————————————————————————————————————————
Number(s) Number(s)
of account(s) of account(s)
debited credited
- M. Acher invests $70,000 cash to start the business.
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Purchased three pieces of equipment for $160,000, paying $50,000 cash and signing a 5-year, 10% note for the remainder.
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Purchased $5,000 supplies on credit.
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Cash revenue amounted to $7,000.
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Paid $500 cash for radio advertising.
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Paid $800 on account for supplies purchased in transaction 3.
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Owner withdrew $2,100 from the business for personal expenses.
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Paid $1,200 cash for rent for the current month.
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Received $2,000 cash advance from a customer for future copying.
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Billed a customer for $575 for photocopy work done.
———————————————————————————————————————————
Solution 170
———————————————————————————————————————————
Number(s) Number(s)
of account(s) of account(s)
debited credited
- M. Acher invests $70,000 cash to start the
business. 101 301
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Purchased three pieces of equipment for
$160,000, paying $50,000 cash and signing a
5-year, 10% note for the remainder. 157 101,200
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Purchased $5,000 supplies on credit. 125 201
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Cash revenue amounted to $7,000. 101 400
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Paid $500 cash for radio advertising. 610 101
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Paid $800 on account for supplies
purchased in transaction 3. 201 101
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Owner withdrew $2,100 from the business for
personal expenses. 306 101
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Paid $1,200 cash for rent for the current month. 729 101
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Received $2,000 cash advance from a
customer for future copying. 101 209
———————————————————————————————————————————
- Billed a customer for $575 for photocopy work
done. 112 400
———————————————————————————————————————————
LO2 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 15 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 171
Under a double-entry system, show how the entry in each statement is entered in the ledger by using debit or credit to indicate the increase or decrease in the affected account.
Debit or Credit
- An increase in Salaries and Wages Expense. __________________
- A decrease in Accounts Payable. __________________
- An increase in Prepaid Insurance. __________________
- An increase in Owner’s Capital. __________________
- A decrease in Supplies. __________________
- An increase in Owner’s Drawings. __________________
- An increase in Service Revenue. __________________
- A decrease in Accounts Receivable. __________________
- An increase in Rent Expense. __________________
- A decrease in Equipment. __________________
Solution 171
- An increase in Salaries and Wages Expense. Debit_______
- A decrease in Accounts Payable. Debit_______
- An increase in Prepaid Insurance. Debit_______
- An increase in Owner’s Capital. Credit_______
- A decrease in Office Supplies. Credit_______
- An increase in Owner’s Drawings. Debit_______
- An increase in Service Revenue. Credit_______
- A decrease in Accounts Receivable. Credit_______
- An increase in Rent Expense. Debit_______
- A decrease in Store Equipment. Credit_______
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 172
Selected transactions for A. Byrjun, a property manager, in her first month of business,
are as follows.
Jan. 2 Invested $15,000 cash in business.
3 Purchased used car for $5,200 cash for use in business.
9 Purchased supplies on account for $500.
11 Billed customers $2,100 for services performed.
16 Paid $450 cash for advertising.
20 Received $1,300 cash from customers billed on January 11.
23 Paid creditor $300 cash on balance owed.
28 Withdrew $2,000 cash for personal use of owner.
Instructions
For each transaction indicate the following.
(a) The basic type of account debited and credited (asset (A), liability (L), owner’s equity (OE)).
(b) The specific account debited and credited (cash, rent expense, service revenue, etc.).
(c) Whether the specific account is increased (incr.) or decreased (decr).
(d) The normal balance of the specific account.
Use the following format, in which the January 2 transaction is given as an example.
Account Debited Account Credited
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d)
Basic Specific Normal Basic Specific Normal
Date Type Account Effect Balance Type Account Effect Balance
Jan. 2 A Cash Incr. Debit OE Owner’s Incr. Credit
Capital
Solution 172
Account Debited Account Credited
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d)
Basic Specific Normal Basic Specific Normal
Date Type Account Effect Balance Type Account Effect Balance
Jan. 2 A Cash Incr. Debit OE Owner’s Incr. Credit
Capital
3 A Equip. Incr. Debit A Cash Decr. Debit
9 A Supplies Incr. Debit L Accts.
Pay. Incr. Credit
11 A Accts. Service
Rec. Incr. Debit OE Revenue Incr. Credit
- OE Cash Decr. Debit
Expense Incr. Debit A
20 A Cash Incr. Debit A Accts.
Rec. Decr. Debit
23 L Accts.
Pay. Decr. Credit A Cash Decr. Debit
28 OE Owner’s
Drawings Incr. Debit A Cash Decr. Debit
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 10 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
Ex. 173
For the accounts listed below, indicate if the normal balance of the account is a debit or credit.
Normal Balance
Accounts Debit or Credit
- Service Revenue __________________
- Rent Expense __________________
- Accounts Receivable __________________
- Accounts Payable __________________
- Owner’s Capital __________________
- Supplies __________________
- Insurance Expense __________________
- Owner’s Drawings __________________
- Buildings __________________
- Notes Payable __________________
Solution 173
Normal Balance
Accounts Debit or Credit
- Service Revenue Credit
- Rent Expense Debit
- Accounts Receivable Debit
- Accounts Payable Credit
- Owner’s Capital Credit
- Supplies Debit
- Insurance Expense Debit
- Owner’s Drawings Debit
- Buildings Debit
- Notes Payable Credit
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 174
For each of the following accounts, indicate the effects of (a) a debit and (b) the normal account balance.
- Notes Payable
- Prepaid Insurance
- Salaries and Wages Expense
- Service Revenue
- Equipment
- Owner’s Capital
Solution 174
Debit Effect Normal Balance
- Notes Payable Decrease Credit
- Prepaid Insurance Increase Debit
- Salaries and Wages Expense Increase Debit
- Service Revenue Decrease Credit
- Equipment Increase Debit
- Owner’s Capital Decrease Credit
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 7 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 175
During an accounting period, a business has numerous transactions affecting each of the following accounts. State for each account whether it is likely to have (a) debit entries only, (b) credit entries only, or (c) both debit and credit entries.
____ (1) Advertising Expense _____ (6) Owner’s Drawings
____ (2) Service Revenue _____ (7) Cash
____ (3) Accounts Payable _____ (8) Salaries and Wages Expense
____ (4) Accounts Receivable _____ (9) Notes Payable
____ (5) Owner’s Capital _____ (10) Insurance Expense
Solution 175
(1) (a) (5) (b) (9) (c)
(2) (b) (6) (a) (10) (a)
(3) (c) (7) (c)
(4) (c) (8) (a)
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 176
Eight transactions are recorded in the following T-accounts:
CASH ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
(1) 25,000 (2) 3,500 (5) 27,500 (7) 22,500
(7) 22,500 (3) 1,950
(4) 5,100
(6) 8,000
(8) 3,300
SUPPLIES EQUIPMENT
(3) 1,950 (2) 13,500
OWNER’S CAPITAL SERVICE REVENUE
(1) 25,000 (5) 27,500
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE OWNER’S DRAWINGS
(6) 8,000 (2) 10,000 (8) 3,300
SALARIES AND WAGES EXPENSE
(4) 5,100
Ex. 176 (cont.)
Indicate for each debit and each credit: (a) whether an asset, liability, capital, drawing, revenue, or expense account was affected and (b) whether the account was increased (+) or (–) decreased. Answers should be presented in the following chart form:
Transaction Account Debited Account Credited
No. Type Effect Type Effect
———————————————————————————————————————————
(1) (Example) Asset + Capital +
———————————————————————————————————————————
(2)
———————————————————————————————————————————
(3)
———————————————————————————————————————————
(4)
———————————————————————————————————————————
(5)
———————————————————————————————————————————
(6)
———————————————————————————————————————————
(7)
———————————————————————————————————————————
(8)
———————————————————————————————————————————
Solution 176
Transaction Account Debited Account Credited
No. Type Effect Type Effect
———————————————————————————————————————————
(1) (Example) Asset + Capital +
———————————————————————————————————————————
(2) Asset + Asset –
Liability +
———————————————————————————————————————————
(3) Asset + Asset –
———————————————————————————————————————————
(4) Expense + Asset –
———————————————————————————————————————————
(5) Asset + Revenue +
———————————————————————————————————————————
(6) Liability – Asset –
———————————————————————————————————————————
(7) Asset + Asset –
———————————————————————————————————————————
(8) Drawings + Asset –
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 15 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 177
For each of the following accounts indicate (a) the type of account (Asset, Liability, Owner’s Equity, Revenue, Expense), (b) the debit and credit effects, and (c) the normal account balance.
Example
- Cash a. Asset account
- Debit increases, credit decreases
- Normal balance – debit
Accounts
- Accounts Payable 5. Service Revenue
- Accounts Receivable 6. Insurance Expense
- Owner’s Capital 7. Notes Payable
- Owner’s Drawings 8. Equipment
Solution 177
- a. Liability account. 5. a. Revenue account.
- Debit decreases, credit increases. b. Debit decreases, credit increases.
- Normal balance – credit. c. Normal balance – credit.
- a. Asset account. 6. a. Expense account.
- Debit increases, credit decreases. b. Debit increases, credit decreases.
- Normal balance – debit. c. Normal balance – debit.
- a. Owner’s Equity account. 7. a. Liability account.
- Debit decreases, credit increases. b. Debit decreases, credit increases.
- Normal balance – credit. c. Normal balance – credit.
- a. Owner’s Equity account. 8. a. Asset account.
- Debit increases, credit decreases. b. Debit increases, credit decreases.
- Normal balance – debit. c. Normal balance – debit.
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 15 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 178
For each transaction given, enter in the tabulation given below a “D” for debit and a “C” for credit to reflect the increases and decreases of the assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity accounts. In some cases there may be a “D” and a “C” in the same box.
Transactions:
- Owner invests cash in the business.
- Pays insurance in advance for six months.
- Pays secretary’s salary.
- Purchases office supplies on account.
- Pays electricity bill.
- Borrows money from local bank.
- Makes payment on account.
- Receives cash due from customers.
Ex. 178 (cont.)
- Provides services on account.
- Owner withdraws assets from the business.
Transaction # | ||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
Assets | ||||||||||
Liabilities | ||||||||||
Owner’s Capital Account | ||||||||||
Owner’s Drawings | ||||||||||
Revenues | ||||||||||
Expenses |
Solution 178
Transaction # | ||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
Assets | D | D,C | C | D | C | D | C | D,C | D | C |
Liabilities | C | C | D | |||||||
Owner’s Capital Account | C | |||||||||
Owner’s Drawings | D | |||||||||
Revenues | C | |||||||||
Expenses | D | D |
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 15 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 179
Journalize the following business transactions in general journal form. Identify each transaction by number. You may omit explanations of the transactions.
- The owner, Athena Lu, invests $40,000 in cash in starting a real estate office operating as a sole proprietorship.
- Purchased $400 of supplies on credit.
- Purchased equipment for $8,000, paying $2,000 in cash and signed a 30-day, $6,000, note payable.
- Real estate commissions billed to clients amount to $4,000.
- Paid $700 in cash for the current month’s rent.
- Paid $200 cash on account for supplies purchased in transaction 2.
- Received a bill for $600 for advertising for the current month.
- Paid $2,200 cash for office salaries and wages.
- Lu withdrew $1,500 from the business for living expenses.
- Received a check for $3,000 from a client in payment on account for commissions billed in transaction 4.
Solution 179
- Cash………………………………………………………………………………… 40,000
Owner’s Capital………………………………………………………… 40,000
- Supplies…………………………………………………………………………… 400
Accounts Payable……………………………………………………… 400
- Equipment………………………………………………………………………… 8,000
Cash………………………………………………………………………… 2,000
Notes Payable………………………………………………………….. 6,000
- Accounts Receivable…………………………………………………………. 4,000
Service Revenue………………………………………………………. 4,000
- Rent Expense…………………………………………………………………… 700
Cash………………………………………………………………………… 700
- Accounts Payable……………………………………………………………… 200
Cash………………………………………………………………………… 200
- Advertising Expense………………………………………………………….. 600
Accounts Payable……………………………………………………… 600
- Salaries and Wages Expense…………………………………………….. 2,200
Cash………………………………………………………………………… 2,200
- Owner’s Drawings…………………………………………………………….. 1,500
Cash………………………………………………………………………… 1,500
- Cash………………………………………………………………………………… 3,000
Accounts Receivable…………………………………………………. 3,000
LO4 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 15 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 180
Identify the accounts to be debited and credited for each of the following transactions.
- The owner, O. Gulag, invested $8,000 cash in the business.
- Purchased supplies on account for $1,000.
- Billed customers $2,000 for services performed.
- Paid salaries of $1,200.
Solution 180
Account Debited Account Credited
- Cash Owner’s Capital
- Supplies Accounts Payable
- Accounts Receivable Service Revenue
- Salaries and Wages Expense Cash
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 181
Transactions for Tom Petty Company for the month of October are presented below. Journalize each transaction and identify each transaction by number. You may omit journal explanations.
- Invested $40,000 cash in the business.
- Purchased land costing $28,000 for cash.
- Purchased equipment costing $15,000 for $3,000 cash and the remainder on credit.
- Purchased supplies on account for $800.
- Paid $1,000 for a one-year insurance policy.
- Received $3,000 cash for services performed.
- Received $4,000 for services previously performed on account.
- Paid wages to employees for $2,500.
- Petty withdrew $2,000 cash from the business.
Solution 181
- Cash……………………………………………………………………………………… 40,000
Owner’s Capital……………………………………………………………… 40,000
- Land……………………………………………………………………………………… 28,000
Cash……………………………………………………………………………… 28,000
- Equipment……………………………………………………………………………… 15,000
Cash……………………………………………………………………………… 3,000
Accounts Payable…………………………………………………………… 12,000
- Supplies ……………………………………………………………………………….. 800
Accounts Payable ………………………………………………………….. 800
- Prepaid Insurance………………………………………………………………….. 1,000
Cash……………………………………………………………………………… 1,000
- Cash……………………………………………………………………………………… 3,000
Service Revenue……………………………………………………………. 3,000
- Cash……………………………………………………………………………………… 4,000
Accounts Receivable………………………………………………………. 4,000
- Salaries and Wages Expense………………………………………………….. 2,500
Cash……………………………………………………………………………… 2,500
- Owner’s Drawings………………………………………………………………….. 2,000
Cash……………………………………………………………………………… 2,000
LO4 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 10 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 182
Match the basic step in the recording process described by each of the following statements.
- Analyze each transaction
- Enter each transaction in a journal
- Transfer journal information to ledger accounts
____ 1. This step is called posting.
____ 2. Business documents are examined to determine the effects of transactions on the accounts.
____ 3. This step is called journalizing.
Solution 182
- C 2. A 3. B
SO3 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 2 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 183
Prepare journal entries for each of the following transactions.
- Performed services for customers on account $8,000.
- Purchased $20,000 of equipment on account.
- Received $3,000 from customers in transaction 1.
- The owner, R. Orbison, withdrew $2,000 cash for personal use.
Solution 183
- Accounts Receivable……………………………………………………………………. 8,000
Service Revenue…………………………………………………………………. 8,000
- Equipment…………………………………………………………………………………… 20,000
Accounts Payable………………………………………………………………… 20,000
- Cash ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3,000
Accounts Receivable……………………………………………………………. 3,000
- Owner’s Drawings……………………………………………………………………….. 2,000
Cash…………………………………………………………………………………… 2,000
LO4 BT: AP Difficulty: Easy TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 184
Sigur Ros Company is a newly organized business. The list of accounts to be opened in the general ledger is as follows:
Accounts Payable Prepaid Insurance
Accounts Receivable Prepaid Rent
Accumulated Depreciation – Equip. Rent Expense
Cash Salaries and Wages Expense
Depreciation Expense Salaries and Wages Payable
Equipment Service Revenue
Insurance Expense Supplies
Owner’s Capital Supplies Expense
Owner’s Drawings
Instructions
Organize the accounts into the order in which they should appear in the ledger of Sigur Ros Company and assign account numbers. Use the following system to assign account numbers.
1—199 Assets
200—299 Liabilities
300—399 Owner’s Equity
400—499 Revenues
500—599 Expenses
Solution 184
There are several possible correct account number assignments. The following is one of the correct solutions.
101- Cash
112- Accounts Receivable
125- Supplies
130- Prepaid Insurance
140- Prepaid Rent
157- Equipment
158- Accumulated Depreciation – Equip.
201- Accounts Payable
212- Salaries and Wages Payable
301- Owner’s Capital
306- Owner’s Drawings
400- Service Revenue
510- Salaries and Wages Expense
520- Supplies Expense
530- Rent Expense
540- Insurance Expense
550- Depreciation Expense
LO6 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 15 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 185
The transactions of Medina Information Service are recorded in the general journal below. You are to post the journal entries to the accounts in the general ledger. After all entries have been posted, you are to prepare a trial balance on the form provided.
General Journal J1
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Account Titles and Explanation Ref. Debit Credit
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 1 Cash 25,000
Owner’s Capital 25,000
(Invested cash in business)
4 Equipment 30,000
Cash 10,000
Notes Payable 20,000
(Paid cash and issued 2-year, 9%, note for
equipment)
8 Rent Expense 1,000
Cash 1,000
(Paid September rent)
15 Prepaid Insurance 400
Cash 400
(Paid one-year liability insurance)
18 Cash 2,500
Service Revenue 2,500
(Received cash for delivery services)
20 Salaries and Wages Expense 500
Cash 500
(Paid salaries for current period)
25 Utilities Expense 100
Accounts Payable 100
(Received a bill for September utilities)
30 Owner’s Drawings 1,500
Cash 1,500
(Withdrew cash for personal use)
30 Accounts Receivable 4,000
Service Revenue 4,000
(Billed customer for delivery service)
Ex. 185 (cont.)
General Ledger
Cash Account No. 101
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Accounts Receivable Account No. 112
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Prepaid Insurance Account No. 130
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Equipment Account No. 155
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Accounts Payable Account No. 201
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Ex. 185 (cont.)
Notes Payable Account No. 205
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Owner’s Capital Account No. 301
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Owner’s Drawing Account No. 306
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Service Revenue Account No. 400
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Rent Expense Account No. 719
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Ex. 185 (cont.)
Salaries and Wages Expense Account No. 726
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
Utilities Expense Account No. 735
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
MEDINA INFORMATION SERVICE
Trial Balance
September 30, 2012
———————————————————————————————————————————
Accounts Debit Credit
———————————————————————————————————————————
———————————————————————————————————————————
Solution 185
General Journal J1
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Account Titles and Explanation Ref. Debit Credit
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 1 Cash 101 25,000
Owner’s Capital 301 25,000
(Invested cash in business)
4 Equipment 155 30,000
Cash 101 10,000
Notes Payable 205 20,000
(Paid cash and issued 2-year, 9%, note for
equipment)
8 Rent Expense 719 1,000
Cash 101 1,000
(Paid September rent)
15 Prepaid Insurance 130 400
Cash 101 400
(Paid one-year liability insurance)
18 Cash 101 2,500
Service Revenue 400 2,500
(Received cash for delivery services)
20 Salaries and Wages Expense 726 500
Cash 101 500
(Paid salaries for current period)
25 Utilities Expense 735 100
Accounts Payable 201 100
(Received a bill for September utilities)
30 Owner’s Drawings 306 1,500
Cash 101 1,500
(Withdrew cash for personal use)
30 Accounts Receivable 112 4,000
Service Revenue 400 4,000
(Billed customer for delivery service)
Solution 185 (cont.)
General Ledger
Cash Account No. 101
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 1 J1 25,000 25,000
4 J1 10,000 15,000
8 J1 1,000 14,000
15 J1 400 13,600
18 J1 2,500 16,100
20 J1 500 15,600
30 J1 1,500 14,100
Accounts Receivable Account No. 112
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 30 J1 4,000 4,000
Prepaid Insurance Account No. 130
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 15 J1 400 400
Equipment Account No. 155
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 4 J1 30,000 30,000
Accounts Payable Account No. 201
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 25 J1 100 100
Solution 185 (cont.)
Notes Payable Account No. 205
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 4 J1 20,000 20,000
Owner’s Capital Account No. 301
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 1 J1 25,000 25,000
Owner’s Drawings Account No. 306
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 30 J1 1,500 1,500
Service Revenue Account No. 400
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 18 J1 2,500 2,500
30 J1 4,000 6,500
Rent Expense Account No. 719
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 8 J1 1,000 1,000
Salaries and Wages Expense Account No. 726
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 20 J1 500 500
Solution 185 (cont.)
Utilities Expense Account No. 735
———————————————————————————————————————————
Date Explanation Ref. Debit Credit Balance
———————————————————————————————————————————
2014
Sept. 25 J1 100 100
MEDINA INFORMATION SERVICE
Trial Balance
September 30, 2014
———————————————————————————————————————————
Accounts Debit Credit
———————————————————————————————————————————
Cash $ 14,100
Accounts Receivable 4,000
Prepaid Insurance 400
Equipment 30,000
Accounts Payable $ 100
Notes Payable 20,000
Owner’s Capital 25,000
Owner’s Drawings 1,500
Service Revenue 6,500
Rent Expense 1,000
Salaries and Wages Expense 500
Utilities Expense 100
Totals $51,600 $51,600
______________________________________________________________________________
LO 6,7 BT: AP Difficulty: Hard TOT: 25 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 186
The bookkeeper for Panda Bear Yard Service made a number of errors in journalizing and posting as described below:
- A debit posting to accounts receivable for $500 was omitted.
- A payment of accounts payable for $600 was credited to cash and debited to accounts receivable.
- A credit to accounts receivable for $950 was posted as $95.
- A cash purchase of equipment for $893 was journalized as a debit to equipment and a credit to notes payable. The credit posting was made for $839 while the debit posting was made for $893.
- A debit posting of $400 for purchase of supplies was credited to supplies.
- A debit to repairs expense for $451 was posted as $415.
- A debit posting for salaries and wages expense for $900 was made twice.
- A cash purchase of supplies for $700 was journalized and posted as a debit to supplies for $70 and a credit to cash for $70.
Instructions
For each error, indicate (a) whether the trial balance will balance; if the trial balance will not balance, indicate (b) the amount of the difference, and (c) the trial balance column that will have the larger total. Consider each error separately. Use the following form, in which error (1) is given as an example.
(A) (B) (C)
Error In Balance Difference Larger Column
1 No $500 Credit
Solution 186
(A) (B) (C)
Error In Balance Difference Larger Column
1 No $500 Credit
2 Yes — —
3 No 855 Debit
4 No 54 Debit
5 No 800 Credit
6 No 36 Credit
7 No 900 Debit
8 Yes — —
LO7 BT: AN Difficulty: Hard TOT: 15 min. AACSB: Analysis AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
Ex. 187
Post the following transactions to T-accounts and determine each account’s ending balance.
- Supplies………………………………………………………………………………… 2,800
Accounts Payable…………………………………………………………… 2,800
- Accounts Receivable………………………………………………………………. 4,000
Service Revenue……………………………………………………………. 4,000
- Cash …………………………………………………………………………………….. 3,000
Accounts Receivable………………………………………………………. 3,000
- Accounts Payable…………………………………………………………………… 1,000
Cash……………………………………………………………………………… 1,000
Solution 187
Cash Accounts Payable
- 3,000 4. 1,000 4. 1,000 1. 2,800
Bal. 2,000 Bal. 1,800
Solution 187 (cont.)
Accounts Receivable Service Revenue
- 4,000 3. 3,000 2. 4,000
Bal. 1,000 Bal. 4,000
Supplies
- 2,800
Bal. 2,800
LO6 BT: AP Difficulty: Easy TOT: 6 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 188
The trial balance of Red House Painters shown below does not balance.
RED HOUSE PAINTERS
Trial Balance
June 30, 2014
———————————————————————————————————————————
Debit Credit
Cash……………………………………………………………………………………… $ 2,780
Accounts Receivable………………………………………………………………. 7,420
Supplies………………………………………………………………………………… 600
Equipment……………………………………………………………………………… 8,300
Accounts Payable…………………………………………………………………… $ 9,777
Owner’s Capital……………………………………………………………………… 1,952
Owner’s Drawings………………………………………………………………….. 1,300
Service Revenue……………………………………………………………………. 15,200
Salaries and Wages Expense………………………………………………….. 3,800
Repair Expense……………………………………………………………………… 1,600
Totals……………………………………………………………………………. $25,800 $26,929
An examination of the ledger and journal reveals the following errors:
- Each of the above listed accounts has a normal balance per the general ledger.
- Cash of $270 received from a customer on account was debited to Cash $720 and credited to Accounts Receivable $720.
- A withdrawal of $400 by the owner was posted as a credit to Owner’s Drawings, $400 and credit to Cash $400.
- A debit of $300 was not posted to Salaries and Wages Expense.
- The purchase of equipment on account for $700 was recorded as a debit to Repair Expense and a credit to Accounts Payable for $700.
- Services were performed on account for a customer, $510, for which Accounts Receivable was debited $510 and Service Revenue was credited $51.
- A payment on account for $235 was credited to Cash for $235 and credited to Accounts Payable for $253.
Instructions
Prepare a correct trial balance.
Solution 188
RED HOUSE PAINTERS
Trial Balance
June 30, 2014
———————————————————————————————————————————
Debit Credit
Cash [2,780 – 450 (2)]…………………………………………………………….. $ 2,330 $
Accounts Receivable [7,420 + 450 (2)]……………………………………… 7,870
Supplies………………………………………………………………………………… 600
Equipment [8,300 + 700 (5)]…………………………………………………….. 9,000
Accounts Payable [9,777 – 488 (7)]………………………………………….. 9,289
Owner’s Capital……………………………………………………………………… 1,952
Owner’s Drawings [1,300 + 400 + 400 (3)]………………………………… 2,100
Service Revenue [15,200 + 459 (6)]…………………………………………. 15,659
Salaries and Wages Expense [3,800 + 300 (4)]…………………………. 4,100
Repair Expense [1,600 – 700 (5)]…………………………………………….. 900
Totals……………………………………………………………………………… $26,900 $26,900
LO7 BT: AN Difficulty: Hard TOT: 25 min. AACSB: Analysis AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
Ex. 189
Some of the following errors would cause the debit and credit columns of the trial balance to have unequal totals. For each of the four cases, state whether the error would cause unequal totals in the trial balance. If the error causes unequal totals, indicate the amount of difference between the columns and state whether the debit or credit is larger. Each case is to be considered independently of the others.
- A payment of $500 to a creditor was recorded by a debit to Accounts Payable of $50 and a credit to Cash of $500.
- A $480 payment for a printer was recorded by a debit to Equipment of $48 and a credit to Cash for $48.
- An account receivable in the amount of $2,500 was collected in full. The collection was recorded by a debit to Cash for $2,500 and a debit to Accounts Payable for $2,500.
- An account payable was paid by issuing a check for $800. The payment was recorded by debiting Accounts Payable $800 and crediting Accounts Receivable $800.
Solution 189
- The trial balance totals will be unequal. The credit column will be $450 larger than the debit column.
- The trial balance totals will be misstated but not unequal.
Solution 189 (cont.)
- The trial balance totals will be unequal. The debit column will be $5,000 larger than the credit column.
- The trial balance totals will be misstated but not unequal.
LO7 BT: AN Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5 min. AACSB: Analysis AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
Ex. 190
- Phair and Associates is a financial planning service. The account balances at December 31, 2014 are shown by the following alphabetical list:
Accounts Payable $ 5,000
Accounts Receivable 19,000
Buildings 140,000
Cash 11,700
Equipment 31,300
Land 42,000
Owner’s Capital 152,900
Notes Payable 95,000
Notes Receivable 8,100
Supplies 800
Instructions
Prepare a trial balance with the accounts arranged in financial statement order.
Solution 190
- PHAIR AND ASSOCIATES
Trial Balance
December 31, 2014
Debit Credit
Cash……………………………………………………………………………………… $ 11,700
Accounts Receivable………………………………………………………………. 19,000
Supplies………………………………………………………………………………… 800
Notes Receivable…………………………………………………………………… 8,100
Equipment……………………………………………………………………………… 31,300
Buildings………………………………………………………………………………… 140,000
Land……………………………………………………………………………………… 42,000
Accounts Payable…………………………………………………………………… $ 5,000
Notes Payable……………………………………………………………………….. 95,000
Owner’s Capital………………………………………………………………………. 152,900
Totals……………………………………………………………………………. $252,900 $252,900
LO7 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 10 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 191
The ledger accounts of the Fabulous Muscles Gym at June 30, 2014 are shown below:
Accounts Payable $ 9,100
Accounts Receivable 8,050
Buildings 43,000
Owner’s Capital 61,800
Cash 6,100
Equipment 42,900
Notes Payable 40,000
Supplies 350
Owner’s Drawings 10,500
Instructions
Prepare a trial balance with the ledger accounts arranged in the proper financial statement order. Include the appropriate heading.
Solution 191
FABULOUS MUSCLES GYM
Trial Balance
June 30, 2014
Debit Credit
Cash……………………………………………………………………………………… $ 6,100
Accounts Receivable………………………………………………………………. 8,050
Supplies………………………………………………………………………………… 350
Equipment……………………………………………………………………………… 42,900
Buildings………………………………………………………………………………… 43,000
Notes Payable……………………………………………………………………….. $ 40,000
Accounts Payable…………………………………………………………………… 9,100
Owner’s Capital……………………………………………………………………… 61,800
Owner’s Drawings………………………………………………………………….. 10,500
Totals……………………………………………………………………………. $110,900 $110,900
LO7 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 10 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex. 192
The ledger account balances for Galaxie 500 Company are listed below.
Accounts Payable $ 6,000
Accounts Receivable 7,000
Cash 5,200
Owner’s Capital 11,000
Owner’s Drawings 4,000
Service Revenue 30,000
Salaries and Wages Expense 20,800
Unearned Service Revenue 2,000
Utilities Expense 12,000
Instructions
Prepare a trial balance in proper form for Galaxie at December 31, 2014.
Solution 192
GALAXIE 500
Trial Balance
December 31, 2014
Debit Credit
Cash $5,200
Accounts Receivable 7,000
Accounts Payable $ 6,000
Unearned Service Revenue 2,000
Owner’s Capital 11,000
Owner’s Drawings 4,000
Service Revenue 30,000
Salaries and Wages Expense 20,800
Utilities Expense 12,000
$49,000 $49,000
LO7 BT: AP Difficulty: Medium TOT: 8 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
Ex 193
The bookkeeper for Antony Johnson Auto Repair made a number of errors in journalizing
and posting, as described below.
- A credit posting of $500 to Accounts Receivable was omitted.
- A debit posting of $750 for Prepaid Insurance was debited to Insurance Expense.
- A collection from a customer of $100 in payment of its account owed was journalized and
posted as a debit to Cash $100 and a credit to Service Revenue $100.
- A credit posting of $350 to Property Taxes Payable was made twice.
- A cash purchase of supplies for $250 was journalized and posted as a debit to Supplies $25
and a credit to Cash $25.
6. A debit of $685 to Advertising Expense was posted as $658
Instructions
For each error:
(a) Indicate whether the trial balance will balance.
(b) If the trial balance will not balance, indicate the amount of the difference.
(c) Indicate the trial balance column that will have the larger total.
Consider each error separately. Use the following form, in which error (1) is given as an example.
(a) (b) (c)
Error In Balance Difference Larger Column
(1) No $500 debit
Solution 193
Error |
(a)
In Balance |
(b)
Difference |
(c)
Larger Column |
|||
1. | No | $500 | Debit | |||
2. | Yes | — | — | |||
3. | Yes | — | — | |||
4. | No | 350 | Credit | |||
5. | Yes | — | — | |||
6. | No | 27 | Credit |
LO7 BT: AN Difficulty: Hard TOT: 8 min. AACSB: Analytic AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: PS
COMPLETION STATEMENTS
- An _______________ is a record of increases and decreases in specific assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity items.
- The process of entering an amount on the left side of an account is called ____________ the account, and making an entry on the right side is called _________________ the account.
- ______________, _______________, and _______________ have debit normal account balances whereas _______________, ________________, and ________________ have credit normal account balances.
- The four subdivisions of owner’s equity are: ________________, ________________, ________________, and ________________.
- The basic steps in the recording process are: _______________ each transaction, enter the transaction in a ________________, and transfer the _______________ information to appropriate accounts in the ________________.
- A sales slip, a check, and a cash register tape are examples of ________________ used as evidence that a transaction has taken place.
- An accounting record where transactions are initially recorded in chronological order is called a ________________.
- When three or more accounts are required in one journal entry, the entry is referred to as a ________________ entry.
- The entire group of accounts and their balances maintained by a company is called the ________________.
- A two column list of all accounts and their balances at a given time is a ______________.
Answers to Completion Statements
- account 199. business documents
- debiting, crediting 200. journal
- Assets, expenses, owner’s drawings, 201. compound
owner’s capital, liabilities, revenues 202. general ledger
- capital, drawings, revenues, expenses 203. trial balance
- analyze, journal, journal, ledger
LO1-7 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 8 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
MATCHING
- Match the items below by entering the appropriate code letter in the space provided.
- Account F. Journal
- Normal account balance G. Posting
- Debit H. Chart of accounts
- Revenue account I. Trial balance
- Compound entry J. Simple entry
_____ 1. An entry that involves three or more accounts.
_____ 2. Transferring journal entries to ledger accounts.
_____ 3. The side which increases an account.
_____ 4. A list of all the accounts used by an enterprise.
_____ 5. A record of increases and decreases in specific assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity items.
_____ 6. Left side of an account.
_____ 7. An entry that involves only two accounts.
_____ 8. A book of original entry.
_____ 9. A list of accounts and their balances at a given time.
_____ 10. Has a credit normal balance
Answers to Matching
- E 6. C
- G 7. J
- B 8. F
- H 9. I
- A 10. D
LO1-6 BT: K Difficulty: Easy TOT: 3 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
SHORT-ANSWER ESSAY QUESTIONS
S-A E 205
An account is an important accounting record where financial information is stored until needed. Briefly explain (1) the nature of an account, (2) the different types of accounts, and (3) the manner in which an account is increased and decreased and its normal balance.
Solution 205
An account is an individual accounting record of increases and decreases in specific asset, liability, and owner’s equity accounts. In its simplest form, an account consists of three parts: (1) the title of the account, (2) a left or debit side, and (3) a right or credit side (it resembles the letter T). Accounts are classified as asset, liability, owner’s equity, revenue, and expense. Accounts with a normal debit balance, such as assets and expenses, are increased when debited and decreased when credited. Accounts with a normal credit balance, such as liabilities and revenues, are increased when credited and decreased when debited.
LO1,2 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5 min. AACSB: Comm. AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication
S-A E 206
Your roommate, a marketing major, thinks that debit means decrease and credit means increase. And, that every account can be debited and credited and as result, every account can have both a debit and a credit balance. Explain to your roommate (1) the meaning of debit and credit; (2) which accounts can only be debited, which can only be credited, and which can be both debited and credited; and (3) which accounts normally have debit balances and which credit balances.
Solution 206
The terms debit and credit mean the left and right side, respectively, of every account. Some accounts such as Drawings and Expenses are only debited; other accounts such as Capital and Revenues are only credited; and finally, some accounts such as Cash, Accounts Receivable, and Accounts Payable can be debited and credited. Accounts with debit balances include Assets, Drawings, and Expenses. Accounts with credit balances include Capital and Revenues.
LO2 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA FN: Reporting
S-A E 207
A fellow classmate is confused about how debits and credits relate to the basic accounting equation. State the basic accounting equation, convert it into the expanded accounting equation, and then explain how it ties into the rules for debits and credits.
Solution 207
The basic accounting equation is:
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Equity
The expanded equation divides Owner’s Equity into its various parts, reflecting the owner’s investment, drawings, revenues, and expenses:
Assets = Liabilities + Owner’s Capital – Owner’s Drawings + Revenues – Expenses
This expanded equation can then be re-arranged to explain why certain accounts have debit (left-hand) balances, while other accounts have credit (right-hand) balances, as follows:
Assets + Owner’s Drawings + Expenses = Liabilities + Owner’s Capital + Revenues
The accounts on the left-hand side of the equation have left-hand, or debit, balances, while the accounts on the right-hand side of the equation have right-hand, or credit, balances. Accounts with debit balances are increased with debits and decreased with credits, while accounts with credit balances are increased with credits and decreased with debits.
LO2 BT: S Difficulty: Hard TOT: 10 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication
S-A E 208
Describe the process of preparing a trial balance. What is the purpose of preparing a trial balance? If a trial balance does not balance, identify what might be the reasons why it does not balance. If the trial balance does balance, does that insure that the ledger accounts are correct? Explain.
Solution 208
The process of preparing a trial balance consists of (1) listing the account titles and their debit or credit balances in the order in which they appear in the general ledger, (2) totaling the debit and credit columns, and (3) proving the equality of the total debits and total credits. The primary purpose of the trial balance is to prove the equality of the debits and credits after posting. A trial balance also uncovers errors in journalizing and posting because errors in journalizing and posting cause a trial balance not to balance. A trial balance does not prove that all transactions have been recorded or that the ledger is correct. The trial balance may balance even when (1) an entire transaction is not journalized, (2) a correct journal entry is not posted, (3) a journal entry is posted twice, (4) incorrect accounts are used in journalizing or posting, or (5) offsetting errors are made in recording the amount of a transaction or posting to the ledger.
LO7 BT: AN Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5 min. AACSB: Comm. AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication
S-A E 209
A classmate who is a computer science major thinks that accountants are obsolete. She states that computers can do the entire process without any human assistance.
Discuss the steps in the recording process and indicate what role the computer plays in that process.
Solution 209
The initial step in the recording process is to analyze each transaction. This is done by analyzing the source documents to determine which accounts were affected. The computer is not able to perform this step. The second step is enter the transaction in the journal using a journal entry. The computer is not able to perform this step and does not know if the correct accounts are being debited and credited, nor if the correct amounts were entered. It is only able to test the equality of the debits and credits comprising the entry. The final step is to transfer the journal entry to the specific accounts in the ledger (posting). The computer can perform this step efficiently and effectively.
LO3 BT: S Difficulty: Medium TOT: 7 min. AACSB: Comm. AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication
S-A E 210
Amy Pond, a fellow employee, wants to understand the basic steps in the recording process. Identify and briefly explain the steps in the order in which they occur.
Solution 210
The basic steps in the recording process are:
- Analyze each transaction. In this step, business documents are examined to determine the effects of the transaction on the accounts.
- Enter each transaction in a journal. This step is called journalizing and it results in making a chronological record of the transactions.
- Transfer journal information to ledger accounts. This step is called posting. Posting makes it possible to accumulate the effects of journalized transactions on individual accounts.
LO3 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5min. AACSB: Comm. AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication
S-A E 211
All recordable transactions are initially recorded in the journal. Discuss the contributions that the journal makes to the recording process.
Solution 211
The journal makes several significant contributions to the recording process: (1) It discloses in one place the complete effects of a transaction; (2) It provides a chronological record of transactions; and, (3) It helps to prevent and locate errors because the debit and credit amounts for each entry can be readily compared.
LO4 BT: C Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5 min. AACSB: Comm. AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication
S-A E 212
A bookkeeping student has come to you for tutoring on the recording process. She is confused about the relationship between the chart of accounts and the ledger. Explain the purpose of the chart of accounts and the general ledger. In your explanation indicate the relationship between these two items as well.
Solution 212
The chart of accounts lists all of the accounts that a company uses and their account numbers that identify their location in the ledger. The numbering system used to identify the accounts usually starts with the balance sheet accounts followed by the income statement accounts.
The general ledger contains all of the accounts of a company and their respective balances at any point in time. The ledger is organized by account number with assets coming first, then liabilities, owner’s equity, revenue, and expense accounts.
LO5&6 BT: C Difficulty: Easy TOT: 5 min. AACSB: Comm. AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication
S-A E 213
The process of transferring the information in the journal to the general ledger is called posting. Explain the posting process, including the importance of the journal page number and the account numbers.
Solution 213
The posting process begins with locating the account(s) being debited in the general ledger. Then entering the date of the entry, the journal page number where the entry originated and debit portion of the entry in the date, reference and debit columns, respectively. Once this done, the account number(s) of the account(s) being debited is (are) entered in the reference column in the journal. Next, the credit portion of the journal entry is posted to the appropriate accounts in the ledger following the same steps as noted for the debit portion.
The importance of the journal page number, in the reference column of each account in the general ledger accounts, is to indicate where to find the original entry. And, the general ledger account numbers, in the reference column of the journal, indicate that the entry has been posted.
LO6 BT: S Difficulty: Medium TOT: 5 min. AACSB: Comm. AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication
S-A E 214
During a study session, a classmate states that it is not necessary to make journal entries and then post them to the ledger. She states that it is sufficient to analyze the transaction and simply record the information in T-accounts.
What is your response to this statement? Be brief, yet concise.
Solution 214
You have a very good point regarding the steps of the accounting cycle. If a company only has a few transactions, it might be possible to simply analyze them and then record each in T-accounts. However, nearly all businesses have many transactions each day. There must be a systematic way to process these transactions. The steps of the accounting cycle represent this process. After analyzing each transaction, a journal entry needs to be prepared. The journal represents a chronological listing of every transaction for a business. This allows users to review past transactions. Your approach does not leave a trail that can be reviewed at a later date. Once the journal entries are made, posting allows each line of the journal to be transferred into the ledger. This process increases and decreases individual accounts in the ledger. At the end of the accounting period, the balance of each account is determined and the trial balance is prepared.
Based on your approach, if someone saw a credit to cash for $10,000 and wondered what the debit was, that person would have to go through every ledger account to locate the corresponding debit. By having a general journal, the person can view the entire transaction, thus easily seeing the account that was debited.
Your approach may work for a very simple business, but it would result in problems for the majority of businesses and accountants.
LO4-6 BT: S Difficulty: Medium TOT: 7 min. AACSB: Comm. AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication
S-A E 215 (Ethics)
Jim Coleman, Jr. was appointed the manager of Maris Properties, a recently formed company that manages residential rental properties. Linda Grider is the accountant. She prepared a chart of accounts based on an analysis of the expenditures of the company. One of the largest expense categories is Travel and Entertainment. Mr. Coleman believes that it is important to maintain a presence in the social life of the city. In this, he sharply differs from his father, Jim Coleman, Sr. The elder Mr. Coleman has set up Maris Properties in order to test his son’s management skills before allowing him to manage the more lucrative commercial property business. Mr. Coleman, Sr. provided the capital for Maris, and maintains close contact with the company. He allowed his son, however, to hire his own employees.
S-A E 215 (cont.)
Mr. Coleman has asked Ms. Grider to change the name of the Travel and Entertainment account to Property Development. He hopes to deflect his father’s attention away from the amount he has spent on travel and entertainment until he has proven that his methods work. When Ms. Grider resisted, he reminded her that he, not his father, hired her. He also reminded her that she had been enthusiastic about his business plans when she was hired.
Required:
- Who are the stakeholders in this situation?
- Should Ms. Grider agree to the change in the Travel and Entertainment account to Property Development? Explain.
Solution 215
- The stakeholders in this situation include
Mr. Coleman, Jr.
Linda Grider
Mr. Coleman, Sr.
Bankers and others who might rely on the financial statements
- Ms. Grider definitely should not agree to the name change. The intention of the person making the change is to deceive someone who has a right to know the affairs of the business, fully and completely. Though Ms. Grider was hired by Mr. Coleman, Jr., and though she may agree with his business methods, she cannot be a party to such deceit.
LO1 BT: E Difficulty: Medium TOT: 7 min. AACSB: Ethics AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Professional Demeanor
S-A E 216 (Communication)
A classmate is considering dropping his accounting class because he cannot understand the rules of debits and credits.
- Can the student be successful in the course without an understanding of the rules of debits and credits?
- Explain the rules of debits and credits in a way that will help him understand them.
Solution 216
- Accounting is based on the double-entry system. This system records the dual effect of each transaction in the appropriate accounts, thus keeping the accounting equation in balance. Each transaction is analyzed and recorded using this dual effect system. If you do not have this basic understanding, the remaining chapters will become increasingly more difficult. You will not have the ability to make journal entries for the many new topics in these upcoming chapters.
Solution 216 (cont.)
- You may be trying to memorize the rules of debits and credits, only to discover that this does not work. Here are some other ways to master this very important topic:
- Make sure that you understand the accounting equation. Assets equal the total of liabilities and owners’ equity. Owners’ equity is not an account but rather a group of accounts that includes owner’s capital, revenues, expenses, and owner’s drawings. Owner’s capital and revenues cause owners’ equity to increase while expenses and drawings cause owners’ equity to decrease.
- Next, make sure that you understand the accounting meaning of the terms debits and credits. For accounting, debit means left and credit means right. Don’t try to add any more to these definitions.
- Then, work with the rules of debits and credits. These rules determine whether a debit or credit increases or decreases an account. Start with assets. Assets increase with a debit and thus decrease with a credit. Think about the cash account—when cash is received, the account is increased with a debit. When cash is paid, the account is decreased with a credit. All of the other rules of debits and credits keep the equation in balance. Liabilities, owner’s capital, and revenues are all increased with credits. Expenses and owner’s drawing are the two accounts that cause owners’ equity to decrease, thus they must be increased with a debit.
LO2 BT: S Difficulty: Hard TOT: 10 min. AACSB: RT AICPA BB: CT AICPA PC: Communication