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Retirement final exam | Business & Finance homework help

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1. An employee can be covered under both a defined benefit and a defined contribution plan

2.

3. Flexible Spending Accounts let you carry over all unused funds from year to year.

4.

5. Contribution limits for a SIMPLE IRA are the same as other qualified plans, but

6. with less administrative cost.Business & Finance homework help

7.

8. Social Security benefits are based on your highest 10 years of earnings

9.

10. The cost of the first $50,000 of group-term insurance provided for each employee is tax-free to the employee.

11.

12. There are no minimum distribution requirements at age 72 for Roth IRA’s, but there are for traditional IRAs

13.

14. Deductibles are initial expenses paid by employees toward covered benefits

15.

16. The investment risk in a Cash Balance plan is borne by the company

17.

18. A SIMPLE plan can be used by an employer that has 200 or fewer employees

19.

20. A flexible spending account is a type of cafeteria plan funded with salary reductions that an employee elects annually

21.

22. When converting from a traditional IRA to a Roth IRA, the amount converted is included in gross income for federal tax purposes

23.

24. A nonqualified deferred compensation plan is required to provide immediate vesting of benefits

25. Business & Finance homework help

26. A profit sharing plan would not be suitable for a company seeking flexibility since annual contributions are required every single year.

27.

28.  Divorce is considered a qualifying event for COBRA

29.

30. Individuals over age 50 can contribute an additional $1,000 to a health savings account as a catch-up contribution

31.

32. Employees must be over age 55 to make catch-up contributions to an IRA or 401(k) plan

33.

34. As part of the employee benefit planning process, a schedule should be established for reviewing and monitoring plan effectiveness

35.

36. Required minimum distributions from a qualified retirement plan must begin no later than April 1st of the calendar year following the later of age 72 or retirement. 

37.  

38. The contribution limit for Roth 401k accounts in 2021 is $6,000

39.

40. The ratio percentage test states that a qualified plan must cover a percentage of nonhighly compensated employees that is at least 50% of the percentage of highly compensated employees covered

41.

42. The first step in the planning process is to identify the employer’s objectives

43. Medicare Part B coverage is free. You pay into it during your working years.

44. An individual who renders investment advice for a fee would be considered a fiduciary.

45. Companies match employee contributions to 401(k) plans to incentivize employees to participate and save for their own retirement. Business & Finance homework help

46. The total contribution limit for 401k salary deferrals and company matching contributions in 2021 for a participant age 54 is $19,500

47. A defined benefit plan can help an older controlling employee in a small business maximize tax-deferred savings

48. Employers who are worried about nondiscrimination requirements can opt for a “safe harbor” plan that ensures compliance

49. Employees under age 59.5 who take loans from their profit sharing plan must pay 10% of the loan amount as a penalty as well as reasonable interest on the funds borrowed

50. Long-term disability payments usually replace 100% of salary

51. A matching contribution of 50% of employee salary deferral contributions up to 4% of compensation, or a non-elective contribution greater than or equal to 2% of compensation, would satisfy the Safe Harbor requirements

52. Defined benefit plans provide more benefit security than do 401(k) plans

53. Anyone who has discretionary authority or discretionary control in the management and administration of a qualified plan is generally considered a fiduciary

54. Spouses receive the greater of 100% of their own Social Security benefit or 50% of their spouses

55. Medicare is available for individuals age 65 and over

56. An individual’s benefit increases roughly 8% for every year past normal retirement age they delay collecting Social Security up to age 70.

57. Medicare Part D covers prescription drugs

58. The nonstatutory stock option (ISO) provides greater deferral of taxes to the executive than a incentive stock option

59. Distributions are not required from Roth IRAs until after the death of the IRA owner

60. Medicare Parts A, B, C, and D are all required for individuals who are eligible and not covered by an employer sponsored health plan

61. Benefits from health insurance are included in employee taxable income.

62. Employers can use a restricted stock plan to retain key employees

63. Roth IRA’s are subject to income limitations

64. High-deductible health insurance is recommended, but not required, with a health savings account

65. According to tax law, a Health Savings Account can only be established by an employer on behalf of an employee

66. The employee assumes investment risk in a defined benefit plan.Business & Finance homework help

67. All the following distributions from Roth IRAs are tax-free, EXCEPT

68. Health plan coverage through COBRA must continue for ___ months after a qualifying event

69. A summary plan description is a

70. Individuals can begin collecting reduced Social Security benefits as early as age ___ and delay collecting until up to age

71. The minimum price a company can use as the purchase price of stock purchased under an employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) is ____% of the fair market value of the stock

72. The annual family contribution limit for a health savings account is

73. A traditional IRA

74. When can eligible persons establish an IRA account and claim the appropriate tax deduction?

75. All of the following are true regarding tax implications of cash balance plans, except

76. Which of the following is true about a SIMPLE IRA?

77. COBRA qualifying events include

78. Brynn Cynthia earns $290,000 a year at Premier Corp. One of Brynn’s employee benefits is a group-term life policy equal to her annual salary. Which of the following is true regarding this policy?

79. How much income does Danielle recognize at grant if she received 100 nonstatutory stock options with no readily ascertainable fair market value, a $3 exercise price and she exercised the option when the stock was worth $7 a share?

80. In health insurance plan design, which of the following are vitally important aspects of that design?

81. The bargain element in a stock option is

82. Distributions from a health saving account not for qualified medical expenses are subject a ___ penalty

83. Which of the following options is not an advantage for employees in 401k plans?

84. SIMPLE 401(k) Plans have the following requirements

85. Contributions to health savings account must cease when an individual reaches age

86. Taking a loan from an IRA

87. Lyla is Vice President of a national consulting company. She is 38 years old, married, and has 3 children. How much can she elect to contribute to her Roth 401(k) plan in 2021?

88. Fiduciaries must:Business & Finance homework help

89. Michelle James, founder of Mac Printing, wants to implement a retirement plan that would allow her to maximize contributions to her six executives. She does not want to fund a retirement plan for any of her 43 line workers. She should consider a

90. Wagner Capital, Inc. wants to install a retirement plan that will provide a minimum guaranteed level of benefits for its employees and take into account the age and past service of long-time employees.  What plan should they adopt?

91. The duties of fiduciaries include all of the following, except

92. The Form 5500 Annual Report must be filed

93. An individual is set to receive $1,000 per month in Social Benefits at normal retirement age of 66. If they delayed collecting until age 70, that monthly benefit would become roughly

94. When converting/rolling over an existing IRA to a Roth IRA, all of the following are true except

95. A 403(b) tax deferred annuity plan can invest in all of the following, except

96. Which of the following cannot be accomplished with a qualified retirement plan?

97. Elective deferrals in a 401(k) plan can be distributed upon occurrence of all of the following, except

98. All the following employees would be considered highly-compensated employees for 2021, EXCEPT

99. Danielle is 56 years old and owns 85% of her business. On average, her employees make $40,000 and range from age 20-34.  Danielle earns $460,000 annually. Which of the following retirement plans should Danielle implement if she wants to maintain flexibility, maximize retirement benefits for her, and keep costs down?

100. All the following are possible company objectives for implementing a qualified retirement plan, EXCEPT:

101. Both you and your employer contribute ___% of your pay into Social Security and ___% of your pay into Medicare. These are called FICA taxes

102. Medicare Part B covers all of the following:

103. The premiums/cost of Medicare Part D coverage depends on:

104. Social Security will pay benefits to all of the following, except:Business & Finance homework help

105. Premiums for commercial health insurance contracts include all of the following except

106. Disadvantages of a flexible spending account include all of the following except

107. Fiduciary status is determined by

108. Charlie Reynolds has company stock obtained through an incentive stock option plan. Reynolds has held the stock 3 years after the option was granted and 2 years after exercise of the option. Charlie sold the stock last month. Tax consequences for Charlie include

109. The employer mandate requires that employers offer coverage to dependents up to age

110. An employee can purchase no more than $_____ of stock under an ESPP in any one calendar year

111. The _____ definition of disability is defined as the total and continuous inability of the employee to engage in any and every gainful occupation for which he or she is qualified or shall reasonably become qualified by reason of training, education, or experience

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Please note that this journal assignment is based on a pretend

Please note that this journal assignment is based on a pretend scenario and fictitious money. However, the assignment is based on actual stock pricing in real time situations. Do not invest your personal money for this assignment.

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The capital markets and the ability to raise funds for corporate uses are essential to the US economic systems. For this assignment, imagine that you have $25,000 to invest in US companies. You are buying used stock. The company got the money when it issued the stock originally. You will be buying it from an existing owner. Business & Finance homework help

You are investing, or buying the stock, because you believe the company will make money and pay you a dividend in cash. Each share of stock that you buy entitles you to any dividend declared and a vote at the annual stockholders’ meeting.

The stock also allows you the ability to earn your money back by selling the stock. Of course, investing in stocks is risky and there is the possibility that the stock you buy will be worth less when you want your money back. The company is not obligated to give you any of your money back. You will only get your money back if another investor wants to buy your stock.Business & Finance homework help

For your first journal entry complete the following:

  1. Indicate the companies you are investing in: Select three (3) US companies that are publicly traded. Please use your knowledge and experience and pick, as many stocks as you’d like. Lastly, make sure you are practicing good diversification. Jim Cramer, Money Manger, on CNBC, plays a game at the end of his show called “Am I Diversified.” Check out a short clip to get a sense of industry diversification at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3lDxexupcE.
  1. Sources of Information: There are many ways to find such companies and the stock prices, including the New York Stock Exchange at http://www.nyse.com, Google Finance athttp://google.com, NASDAQ at http://www.nasdaq.com, and http://finance.yahoo.com.
  2. Indicate the amount you are investing in each company: Decide how you will divide $25,000 across the three (3) companies; e.g. $10,000 in Company 1, $10,000 in Company 2, and $5,000 in Company 3. You decide the amount you are investing in each company. You do not have to provide any analysis to justify your decisions. You must only provide some reason for picking that company. For example, you might invest in Ford because that company gets a lot of your money and you hear that Ford is doing well, and will continue to do well. Business & Finance homework help
  3. Indicate the number of shares you are buying, and the price of the shares you are buying for each company: Once you decide the companies and the amount for each company, determine how many shares you can buy. If Company 1 is selling for $42.16, then you may buy $10,000/ $42.16, or 237.19 shares. But you cannot buy a part of a share, so you decide to buy either 237 or 238. In this example you buy 237 shares, at $42.16 per share, investing $9,991.92. You won’t be able to buy exactly $10,000, or $5,000, or $25,000, but it will be relatively close.

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Best buy company income statement

Discussion of four items from the management discussion of the firm that support the conclusion formed in your discussion of the financial results.Business & Finance homework help

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Much of this course has concentrated on learning the financial statements, primarily because there was not an accounting prerequisite. Because of this concentration, you may find this assignment challenging. However, if you understand the financial statements, then the horizontal and vertical analysis should (hopefully) be rather intuitive. For example, if you see sales rise by 20%, then shouldn’t you also see net income rise by 20% or more if the managers are effective at controlling costs? If you see sales rise by 20% and assets rise by 40%, we have to ask why this is happening. It would appear that assets have risen too far given the sales that are generated from those assets—why did this occur? You may have to research that type of question and discuss it in your analysis.Business & Finance homework help

The link below demonstrates the completion of vertical and horizontal analysis on Nike using Excel. Dr. Jill Bale, the course writer, demonstrates the use of Excel equations and discusses some of the issues you may face when working on the spreadsheet for your portfolio project. If you would like some additional guidance on the spreadsheet requirement of the portfolio project, please watch the video. Note that the video does not discuss adding the 8 required ratios to your spreadsheet; however, you are required to submit your company ratios on this spreadsheet as well as the vertical/horizontal analysis. As always, your instructor is available for follow-up questions.

Bale, J. (2013, August 19). Demonstration of Vertical/Horizontal Analysis using Excel [Video file]. Retrieved from http://camrelay1.unl.edu/inbox/jbale2/Nike_Horizontal_and_Vertical_analysis_-_MP4_with_Smart_Player_(Large)_-_20130819_10.10.04AM.html

I’d suggest that you start your ratio analysis with the four ratios found in the DuPont equation. Business & Finance homework help . If you discover a weakness in one component of the DuPont ratios, then it would make sense to look at ratios that are closely related to the troublesome ratio. For example, if you discover that the asset turnover is declining over time, then take a look at some related ratios such as the inventory turnover rate or the average collection period. If you discover that the equity multiplier is increasing (indicating greater reliance on debt), then look at some related ratios such as the debt ratio or Times Interest Earned.Business & Finance homework help

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Assignment 1: Galaxy Skis

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Due Week 10 and worth 400 points

 

Galaxy International is a small privately held company in the Northeast U.S. which manufactures high- tech carbon composite skis for the U.S. market. The company has been in business for 20 years, has 125 employees, and has $50 million in annual sales. Its owner, Jeremy Riven, is an ex-Olympic skier who developed the proprietary technology and bonding polymers that give Galaxy skis their unique flexibility, durability, and propensity to need low maintenance—all of which serious skiers in the U.S. have come to prize. Major costs involved in the manufacturing of skis are oil polymers, carbon fiber, and labor. Ski technicians are highly skilled machinists, and manufacturing the finished product is as much an art form as it is a science.Business & Finance homework help

Jeremy has recently considered an initial public offering (IPO) to allow the firm to raise the funds it needs to go international. The underwriting group from Morgan Stanley believes they could easily raise sixty (60) million in the equity markets, and fifty (50) million in the bond market. Jeremy is trying to determine the cost of debt, the cost of equity (four [4] million shares at $15/share), and the firm’s weighted average cost of capital if he goes public and issues corporate bonds with a coupon rate of 8%. Last year, the firm resided in a 28% tax bracket. The risk-free rate in the U.S. is 2%, and the expected return on the market is 14%. Morgan Stanley estimates Galaxy’s beta, if traded publicly, would be approximately 1.8%. Galaxy has been growing at 15% a year since its inception.Business & Finance homework help

Jeremy would like to expand his current U.S. facility from 40,000 square feet to 100,000 square feet, automate certain processes which heretofore have been done manually, and outsource work to China, where he plans to either build or lease a plant to extend his ski line worldwide. He could build a 50,000- square-foot facility in Canton for fifty (50) million dollars, or lease a similar facility for ten (10) million a year. Annual operating costs would be twenty (20) million dollars, and projected free cash flow, based on past experience, would be twelve (12) million a year (whether he leases or buys). The life of the plant would be fifteen (15) years, and inflation in China is currently running at 6% annually. Galaxy would repatriate profits from the Chinese operation and consolidate them with those of the U.S. operations. All expenses of operating the plant in China would be in Yuan.
Use the Internet to locate information about current events in China related to its economic state.Business & Finance homework help

Faculty Note: If you would like to substitute China with a different country to avoid plagiarism, please do so.

Write a six to eight (6-8) page paper in which you:

 

  1. Examine the pros and cons of an IPO for Galaxy International. Recommend whether the company should or should not proceed with an IPO.
  2. Evaluate the appropriateness of the financing alternatives and strategies that are available to Jeremy, and select the one (1) you believe best suits the company. Provide support for your rationale.Business & Finance homework help
  3. Determine the advantages of debt over equity, and what each would cost after taxes. Determine Galaxy’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC) if it uses both alternatives to raise capital (i.e., debt and equity).
  4. Recommend one (1) financial instrument that Jeremy could use in order to ensure a stable supply of oil for his operations and to protect his firm from currency translation losses.
  5. Suggest one (1) approach that Jeremy can use to hedge his currency translation and transaction exposure to the Yuan. Provide support for your suggestion.
  6. Determine whether Jeremy should lease or buy the plant in China. Justify your position using information regarding the current economic state in China.
  7. Imagine that you are a portfolio manager. Determine whether or not you would want to participate in the IPO if Galaxy International goes public. Provide a rationale for your decision. Determine the expected return on the stock using Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM).
  8. Determine if the Galaxy International’s expected returns would exceed its WACC. Provide a rationale.
  9. Use at least five (5) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites to not qualify as academic resources.Business & Finance homework help

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.Business & Finance homework help

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

  • Examine the concepts related to financial management and the financial environment.
  • Evaluate different types of financing available in the marketplace and the related impact on firm value.
  • Examine the various alternatives to managing and mitigating business and financial risk with the use of forwards, futures, swaps, and options.Business & Finance homework help
  • Evaluate how simulation and scenario analysis can be used to improve an organization’s forecasting ability, and reach an optimal financing mix through the use of these instruments
  • Develop strategies to protect a firm from financial distress.
  • Examine the tools and methods used for portfolio analysis.
  • Use technology and information resources to research issues in corporate finance.
  • Write clearly and concisely about corporate finance using proper writing mechanics

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Fnce 370v8 assignment 4 | Business & Finance homework help

FNCE 370v8: Assignment 4

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Assignment 4 is worth 5% of your final mark. Complete and submit Assignment 4 after you complete Lesson 12.

 

There are 12 questions in this assignment. The break-down of marks for each question is presented in the table below. Please show all your work as this will help the marker give you part marks as well as serve as a good study aid as you prepare for the Final Examination.Business & Finance homework help

 

Question Marks Available Reference
1 5 Lesson 10
2 5 Lesson 10
3 5 Lesson 10
4 5 Lesson 10
5 10 Lesson 11
6 15 Lesson 11
7 10 Lesson 11
8 10 Lesson 11
9 5 Lesson 12
10 10 Lesson 12
11 10 Lesson 12
12 10 Lesson 12
Total 100  

 

 

1.    Explain the interactions among market efficiency, capital budgeting, and the cost of capital.            Business & Finance homework help                                                                             (5 marks)

 

 

2.                                                                                                         (5 marks)

a.    Give two examples of anomalies in the financial markets.

 

b.    What does the existence of these anomalies say about financial market efficiency?

 

 

3.    You bought one of BB Co.’s 9% coupon bonds one year ago for $1020. These bonds make annual payments and mature six years from now. Suppose you decide to sell your bonds today, when the required return on the bonds is 10%. If the inflation rate was 4.2% over the past year, what would be your total real return on investment?
(5 marks)

 

 

4.    The returns on XYZ Corp. over the last four years are 10%, 12%, 3%, and -9%.Business & Finance homework help
(5 marks)

 

  1. What is the historical average return over the last four years?

 

  1. What is the variance of the returns over the last four years?

 

  1. What is the standard deviation of the returns over the last four years?

5.                                                                                                         (10 marks)

a.    Suppose we have two assets, A and B. What correlation levels between the two assets will yield diversification benefits in terms of portfolio risk reduction?

 

b.    At what correlation level will there be no diversification benefits in terms of portfolio risk reduction?

 

c.    Will there be any diversification benefits in terms of portfolio risk reduction in the case when the correlation between the two assets’ returns is -1?

 

 

6.                                                                                                         (15 marks)

The expected returns, return variances, and the correlation between the returns of four securities are shown below.

 

Security Expected Return Variance of Returns Correlation
      A B C D
A 0.17 0.0169 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.2
B 0.13 0.0361   1.0 0.6 0.5
C 0.09 0.0049     1.0 0.9
D 0.07 0.0050       1.0

 

a.    Determine the expected return and variance for a portfolio composed of 25% of security A and 75% of security B.

 

b.    Determine the expected return and variance of a portfolio that contains 78% security A and 22% security B. Is this portfolio superior to that one in (a) above?Business & Finance homework help

 

c.    Calculate the expected return and variance of a portfolio that contains 60% security C and 40% security D.

 

d.    If an investor were to select among the following three portfolios, which one would he or she prefer?

 

o    An equally-weighted portfolio of securities A, B, and C.

 

o    An equally-weighted portfolio of A, B, and D.

 

o    An equally-weighted portfolio of B, C, and D.

 

e.    If a risk-adverse investor desires to hold a portfolio of only two securities and expects a return of 11%, what would you advise the investor to do?

 

 

 

7.    Use the following information to answer the questions below.                    (10 marks)

Security Return Standard Deviation Beta
A 15% 8% 1.2
B 12% 14% 0.9

 

a.    Which of A and B has the least total risk? The least systematic risk?

b.    What is the value of systematic risk for a portfolio with 75% of the funds invested in A and 25% of the funds invested in B?

c.     Calculate the risk free rate of return and the market risk premium
(i.e., Rf and RM – Rf).

d.    What is the portfolio expected return and the portfolio beta if you invest 30% in A, 30% in B, and 40% in the risk-free asset?
(For questions (d) and (e), assume the risk free rate of return is 5%.)

e.    What is the portfolio expected return with 125% invested in A and the remainder in the risk-free asset via borrowing at the risk-free interest rate? Business & Finance homework help

f.     What is the beta of the portfolio created in part (e)?

 

 

8.     Consider the following information on three stocks.                                (10 marks)

 

    Rate of Return if State Occurs
State of economy Probability of state of economy Stock A Stock B Stock C
Boom 0.5 0.2 0.35 0.6
Normal 0.3 0.15 0.12 0.05
Bust 0.2 0.01 -0.25 -0.5

 

a.    If your portfolio is invested 40% each in A and C, and 20% in B, what is the portfolio expected return?

 

b.    What is the variance of this portfolio?

 

c.    What is the standard deviation of this portfolio?

 

d.    If the expected T-Bill rate is 5%, what is the expected risk premium on the portfolio?

 

e.    If the expected inflation rate is 2.50%, what are the approximate and exact expected real returns on the portfolio?

 

f.     If the expected T-Bill rate is 5% and the expected inflation rate is 2.50%, what are the approximate and exact expected real risk premiums on the portfolio?

 

9.    Briefly discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using the dividend growth model to estimate the cost of equity.                                                           (5 marks)

 

10.Mustard Patch Doll Company needs to purchase new plastic moulding machines to meet the demand for its product. The cost of the equipment is $100,000. It is estimated that the firm will generate, after tax, operating cash flow (OCF) of $22,000 per year for the next seven years. The firm is financed with 40% debt and 60% equity, both based on market values. The firm’s cost of equity is 16% and its pre-tax cost of debt is 8%. The flotation costs of debt and equity are 2% and 8%, respectively. Assume the firm’s tax rate is 34% and ignore the effects of CCA depreciation. Business & Finance homework help                      (10 marks)

 

a.    What is the firm’s tax adjusted WACC?

 

b.    Ignoring flotation costs, what is the NPV of the proposed project?

 

c.     What is the weighted average flotation cost, fA, for the firm?

 

d.    What is the dollar flotation cost of the proposed financing?

 

e.    After considering flotation costs, what is the NPV of the proposed project?

 

 

11.Photosynthesis, Inc. is considering a project that will result in initial after-tax cash savings of $2 million at the end of the first year, and these savings will grow at a rate of 6% per year indefinitely. The firm has a target debt-equity ratio of 1.5, a cost of equity of 20%, and an after-tax cost of debt of 7%. The cost-saving proposal is somewhat riskier than the usual projects the firm undertakes; management uses the subjective approach and applies an adjustment factor of +10% to the cost of capital for such risky projects.

Under what circumstances should Photosynthesis take on the project? Business & Finance homework help.       (10 marks)

 

 

 

12.ABC Co. has the following dividend payment history:                               (10 marks)

 

Year Dividend
2003 $1.00
2004   1.15
2005   1.25
2006   1.35
2007   1.45

 

a.    How many periods of growth are there in the information given?

 

b.    What is the compound growth rate of dividends?

 

c.    Calculate the year-to-year growth rates in dividends.

 

d.    What is the average year-to-year dividend growth rate?

 

e.    Assume a retention ratio of 0.45 and a historical return on equity (ROE) of 0.18. Using these two additional pieces of information, calculate an alternative estimate of dividend growth rate, g.

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Finance 370v8 assignment 5 | Business & Finance homework help

Assignment 5 is worth 5% of your final mark. Complete and submit Assignment 5 after you complete Lesson 15.
There are 12 questions in this assignment. The break-down of marks for each question is presented in the table below. Please show all your work as this will help the marker give you part marks as well as serve as a good study aid as you prepare for the Final Examination. Business & Finance homework help
Question Marks Available Reference
1 5 Lesson 13
2 5 Lesson 13
3 10 Lesson 13
4 10 Lesson 13
5 10 Lesson 14
6 5 Lesson 14
7 10 Lesson 14
8 15 Lesson 14
9 5 Lesson 15
10 5 Lesson 15
11 10 Lesson 15
12 10 Lesson 15
Total 100
1. Describe the role that the “winner’s curse” may play in the underpricing of IPOs.
(5 marks)
2. (5 marks)
a. Does a rights offer cause a share price decrease? Why or why not?
b. How are existing shareholders affected by a rights offer? Illustrate your answer with an example.Business & Finance homework help
3. TUV Guy Inc. is proposing a rights offering. There are currently 240,000 shares outstanding at $80 each. There will be 60,000 new shares offered at $60 each.
(10 marks)
a. What is the new market value of the company?
b. How many rights are associated with one of the new shares?
c. What is the value of a right?
d. What is the ex-rights price per share?
e. Why might a company have a rights offering rather than a general cash offer?
4. WXYZ Co. has concluded that additional equity financing will be needed to expand operations, and that the needed funds will be best obtained through a rights offering. It has correctly determined that as a result of the rights offering, the share price will fall from $50 to $45 ($50 is the rights-on price; $45 is the ex-rights price). The company is seeking $12.5 million in additional funds with a per share subscription price of $25.
How many shares are there currently, before the offering? (Assume that the increment to the market value of the equity equals the gross proceeds from the offering.)
(10 marks)
5. (10 marks)
a. In five sentences or less, briefly explain the M&M Proposition I with taxes. Ensure that you include the appropriate formula in your explanation.
b. What are the two implications of M&M Proposition I with taxes?
c. In five sentences or less, briefly explain the M&M Proposition II with taxes. Ensure that you include the appropriate formula in your explanation.Business & Finance homework help
d. What are the two implications of M&M Proposition II with taxes?
6. Under what conditions of personal and corporate taxation will there be no gain from financial leverage? Explain using the formula
VL = VU + [1 – (1-TC) x (1-TS)/(1-Tb)] x D
(5 marks)
7. VWX Corporation has an EBIT of $166,666.67, a corporate tax rate of 40%, debt of $500,000, and unlevered cost of capital of 20%. The cost of debt capital is 10%.
(10 marks)
a. What is the value of VWX’s equity?
b. What is the cost of equity capital for VWX?
c. What is the WACC?
d. Compare the WACC of VWX to the WACC of an unlevered firm. What is your conclusion? What principle have you proven in this case?
8. STU’s Disco Factory Inc. is financed solely by equity and it is considering issuing debt and using the proceeds to repurchase some of the outstanding shares at the current market price of $30. There are currently 200,000 shares outstanding. EBIT is expected to remain at $1.5 million, with all earnings paid out as dividends. The firm can issue debt at a rate of 8%, and the firm’s tax rate is 40%. Three alternative amounts of debt are being considered:
Amount of debt 0 $1,000,000 $2,000,000
Required return on equity 15% 15.5% 16%
Assume that all stock repurchases will be made at $30 per share. (15 marks)
a. Using the M&M Proposition I with taxes, calculate the value of the firm at each debt level.
b. What is the optimum amount of debt?
c. Show that, at the optimum capital structure, the firm also minimizes the WACC.Business & Finance homework help
d. Show that, at the optimum capital structure, the firm also maximizes the price of the outstanding shares.
9. Explain homemade leverage and why it matters. (5 marks)
10. Positive NPV projects enhance shareholder wealth. However, in some cases the payment of dividends limits the number of positive NPV projects a firm can take. Why, then, shouldn’t shareholders prefer a residual dividend policy? (5 marks)
11. You own 1,000 shares of stock in ABC Corporation. You will receive a 60 cent per share dividend in one year. In two years, ABC will pay a liquidating dividend of $30 per share. The required return on ABC stock is 15%. What is the current share price of your stock (ignoring taxes)? If you would rather have equal dividends in each of the next two years, show how you can accomplish this by creating homemade dividends.
(Hint: Dividends will be in the form of an annuity.)
Suppose you want only $200 total in dividends the first year. What will your homemade dividend be in two years? (10 marks)
12. Suppose we have two equally risky firms, Firm A and B. Firm B’s shares are currently worth $100, and they are expected to be worth $120 in one year. Personal dividend tax rate is 30%, and capital gains are exempt from taxes. (10 marks)
a. What is the after-tax return on Firm B?
b. If Firm A opts to pay a dividend of $20 per share in one year, what is the after-tax return on Firm A?
c. Given that dividends will reduce firm value proportionally, what is the share price of Firm A’s stock if it pays a dividend of $20 in one year?Business & Finance homework help

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Fnce 370v8: assignment 5 | Business & Finance homework help

 

FNCE 370v8: Assignment 5

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Assignment 5 is worth 5% of your final mark. Complete and submit Assignment 5 after you complete Lesson 15.

There are 12 questions in this assignment. The break-down of marks for each question is presented in the table below. Please show all your work as this will help the marker give you part marks as well as serve as a good study aid as you prepare for the Final Examination.Business & Finance homework help

Question Marks Available Reference
1 5 Lesson 13
2 5 Lesson 13
3 10 Lesson 13
4 10 Lesson 13
5 10 Lesson 14
6 5 Lesson 14
7 10 Lesson 14
8 15 Lesson 14
9 5 Lesson 15
10 5 Lesson 15
11 10 Lesson 15
12 10 Lesson 15
Total 100

1. Describe the role that the “winner’s curse” may play in the underpricing of IPOs.
(5 marks)

2. (5 marks)
a. Does a rights offer cause a share price decrease? Why or why not?

b. How are existing shareholders affected by a rights offer? Illustrate your answer with an example.Business & Finance homework help

3. TUV Guy Inc. is proposing a rights offering. There are currently 240,000 shares outstanding at $80 each. There will be 60,000 new shares offered at $60 each.
(10 marks)

a. What is the new market value of the company?

b. How many rights are associated with one of the new shares?

c. What is the value of a right?

d. What is the ex-rights price per share?

e. Why might a company have a rights offering rather than a general cash offer?

4. WXYZ Co. has concluded that additional equity financing will be needed to expand operations, and that the needed funds will be best obtained through a rights offering. It has correctly determined that as a result of the rights offering, the share price will fall from $50 to $45 ($50 is the rights-on price; $45 is the ex-rights price). The company is seeking $12.5 million in additional funds with a per share subscription price of $25.
How many shares are there currently, before the offering? (Assume that the increment to the market value of the equity equals the gross proceeds from the offering.) Business & Finance homework help
(10 marks)

5. (10 marks)
a. In five sentences or less, briefly explain the M&M Proposition I with taxes. Ensure that you include the appropriate formula in your explanation.

b. What are the two implications of M&M Proposition I with taxes?

c. In five sentences or less, briefly explain the M&M Proposition II with taxes. Ensure that you include the appropriate formula in your explanation.

d. What are the two implications of M&M Proposition II with taxes?

6. Under what conditions of personal and corporate taxation will there be no gain from financial leverage? Explain using the formula
VL = VU + [1 – (1-TC) x (1-TS)/(1-Tb)] x D
(5 marks)

7. VWX Corporation has an EBIT of $166,666.67, a corporate tax rate of 40%, debt of $500,000, and unlevered cost of capital of 20%. The cost of debt capital is 10%.
(10 marks)

a. What is the value of VWX’s equity?

b. What is the cost of equity capital for VWX?

c. What is the WACC?

d. Compare the WACC of VWX to the WACC of an unlevered firm. What is your conclusion? What principle have you proven in this case?Business & Finance homework help

8. STU’s Disco Factory Inc. is financed solely by equity and it is considering issuing debt and using the proceeds to repurchase some of the outstanding shares at the current market price of $30. There are currently 200,000 shares outstanding. EBIT is expected to remain at $1.5 million, with all earnings paid out as dividends. The firm can issue debt at a rate of 8%, and the firm’s tax rate is 40%. Three alternative amounts of debt are being considered:

Amount of debt 0 $1,000,000 $2,000,000
Required return on equity 15% 15.5% 16%

Assume that all stock repurchases will be made at $30 per share. (15 marks)

a. Using the M&M Proposition I with taxes, calculate the value of the firm at each debt level.

b. What is the optimum amount of debt?

c. Show that, at the optimum capital structure, the firm also minimizes the WACC.

d. Show that, at the optimum capital structure, the firm also maximizes the price of the outstanding shares.Business & Finance homework help

9. Explain homemade leverage and why it matters. (5 marks)

10. Positive NPV projects enhance shareholder wealth. However, in some cases the payment of dividends limits the number of positive NPV projects a firm can take. Why, then, shouldn’t shareholders prefer a residual dividend policy? (5 marks)

11. You own 1,000 shares of stock in ABC Corporation. You will receive a 60 cent per share dividend in one year. In two years, ABC will pay a liquidating dividend of $30 per share. The required return on ABC stock is 15%. What is the current share price of your stock (ignoring taxes)? If you would rather have equal dividends in each of the next two years, show how you can accomplish this by creating homemade dividends.
(Hint: Dividends will be in the form of an annuity.)

Suppose you want only $200 total in dividends the first year. What will your homemade dividend be in two years? (10 marks)

12. Suppose we have two equally risky firms, Firm A and B. Firm B’s shares are currently worth $100, and they are expected to be worth $120 in one year. Personal dividend tax rate is 30%, and capital gains are exempt from taxes. (10 marks)Business & Finance homework help

a. What is the after-tax return on Firm B?

b. If Firm A opts to pay a dividend of $20 per share in one year, what is the after-tax return on Firm A?

c. Given that dividends will reduce firm value proportionally, what is the share price of Firm A’s stock if it pays a dividend of $20 in one year?

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Discussion 6.5 | Business & Finance homework help

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Discussion 6.5

 

Topic 1:

 

When the WACC formula is applied to cost of capital the outcome seems to imply that debt is “cheaper” than equity; this implies that a firm with more debt could use a lower discount rate. Does this make sense? Explain your answer.Business & Finance homework help

 

Topic 2:

 

Corporations often consume natural resources in our society. Overuse or mining of such natural resources can lead to problems in the natural world. In addition, our society has been using technology to improve a corporation’s position, either financially or through improved resource allocation. In this assignment you are to research a real world issue and create a solution to the problem. You should:

 

  1. Identify a problem in our natural world that is the result of overuse or by over mining of one or more natural resources to advance a corporation.Business & Finance homework help
  2. Prepare a summary that includes the negative effects on the natural world, how technology was used, and the benefit to the corporation.
  3. Add an additional summary to propose a solution using technology to solve the problem. Explain how the proposed solution continues to benefit the corporation financially. Your summary should also show how this solution could create a significant improvement in the natural world.

 

The goal of this assignment is to use your critical thinking skills to identify a problem and propose a solution that leaves the corporation and the environment in the best shape possible with the help of technology. This discussion will require that you include resources using APA format.

 

Assgnment

 

Legitron Corporation has $280 million of debt outstanding at an interest rate of 8 percent. What is the dollar value of the tax shield on that debt, just for this year, if Legitron is subject to a 36 percent Cmarginal tax rate?Business & Finance homework help

 

Value of tax shield $____________

 

Marx and Spender currently has a WACC of 18 percent. If the cost of debt capital for the firm is 9 percent and the firm is currently financed with 47 percent debt, then what is the current cost of equity capital for the firm? Assume that the assumptions in Modigliani and Miller’s Proposition 1 hold. (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 17.54%.)

 

Current cost of equity capital ___________%

 

The weighted average cost of capital for a firm (assuming all three Modigliani and Miller assumptions apply) is 17 percent. What is the current cost of equity capital for the firm if its cost of debt is 8 percent and the proportion of debt to total firm value for the firm is 0.5?Business & Finance homework help

 

Current cost of capital __________%

 

Backwards Resources has a WACC of 11.9 percent, and it is subject to a 34 percent marginal tax rate. Backwards has $379 million of debt outstanding at an interest rate of 10 percent and $787 million of equity (market value) outstanding. What is the expected return on the equity with this capital structure? (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 17.54%.)

 

Expected return on equity _____________%

 

 

Santa’s Shoes is a retailer that has just begun having financial difficulty. Santa’s suppliers are aware of the increased possibility of bankruptcy. What might Santa’s suppliers do based on this information? (essay). Business & Finance homework help

 

A few years ago, a friend of yours started a small business that develops gaming software. The company is doing well and is valued at $1.5 million based on multiples for comparable public companies after adjustments for their lack of marketability. With 300,000 shares outstanding, each share is estimated to be worth $5. Your friend, who has been serving as CEO and CTO (chief technology officer), has decided that he lacks sufficient managerial skills to continue to build the company. He wants to sell his 160,000 shares and invest the money in an MBA education. You believe you have the appropriate managerial skills to run the company. Would you pay $5 each for these shares? What are some of the factors you should consider in making this decision? (essay)

 

 

A friend of yours is trying to value the equity of a company and, knowing that you have read this book, has asked for your help. So far she has tried to use the FCFE approach. She estimated the cash flows to equity to be as follows: (essay)

 

Sales $800.0
-CGS -450.0
-Depreciation -80.0
-Interest -24.0
Earnings before taxes (EBT) 246.0
-Taxes (0.35 x EBT) -86.1
= Cash Flow to Equity $159.9

 

She also computed the cost of equity using CAPM as follows:
kE = kF + βE(Risk premium) = 0.06 + (1.25 x 0.084) = 0.165, or 16.5%. Business & Finance homework help

where the beta is estimated for a comparable publicly traded company. Using this cost of equity, she estimates the discount rate as

WACC = xDebtkDebt pretax(1 – t) + xcskcs
= [0.20 x 0.06 x (1-0.35)]+(0.80 x 0.165) = 0.14, or 14%

Based on this analysis, she concludes that the value of equity is $159.9 million/0.14 = $1,142 million.

Assuming that the numbers used in this analysis are all correct, what advice would you give your friend regarding her analysis?

 

According to M&M Proposition 2, which of the following conditions would maximize the value of a firm?

 

[removed] If the cost of debt remains unchanged, the value of a firm would be maximized at a very low debt ratio.

 

 

 

[removed] If the cost of debt changes, the value of a firm would be maximized at a high debt ratio.

 

 

 

[removed] If the cost of debt changes, the value of a firm would be maximized with a very low debt ratio.

 

 

 

[removed] If the cost of debt remains unchanged, the value of a firm would be maximized at a high debt ratio.

 

The fraction of a firm’s total financing that is represented by debt is a measure of its

 

[removed] financial security.

 

 

 

 

 

 

[removed] operating leverage.

 

 

 

[removed] financial leverage.

 

Financial policy matters because. Business & Finance homework help

 

 

 

 

[removed] transactions costs and information costs exist.

 

 

 

[removed] capital structure choices affect a firm’s real investment strategy.

 

 

 

 

 

 

A firm plans to issue $700,000 worth of debt at a YTM of 7.5%. The debt is trading at par. The firm’s marginal corporate tax rate is 30%. What is the present value of the tax savings in perpetuity?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[removed] $ 15,750
 

In a world with taxes, the value of a leveraged firm equals the value of an unleveraged firm plus

[removed] the present value of its debt.

 

[removed] the present value of the tax shield from the interest on its debt.

 

[removed] the present value of its future cash flows.

 

 

Besides providing an interest tax shield, the inclusion of debt in a firm’s capital structure provides it with all of the following advantages, except

[removed] less likelihood of managers wasting shareholders’ money due to better oversight by debt-holders.

 

[removed] lower agency costs.

 

[removed] lower transactions costs.

 

[removed] better focus on the maximization of the firm’s cash flows.

 

Under which of the following forms of business organization are the owners faced with double taxation?

[removed] Limited partnership.

 

[removed] Sole proprietorship.

 

[removed] Limited liability Corporation (LLC.)

 

Which of the following factors does not directly affect the value of a business?

[removed] All of these directly affect the value of a business.

 

[removed] The magnitude of the expected cash flows that the business is likely to produce.

 

[removed] The timing of the expected cash flows that the business is likely to produce.

 

[removed] The riskiness of the expected cash flows that the business is likely to produce.

Which of the following factors does not directly affect the value of a business?

[removed] All of these directly affect the value of a business.

 

[removed] The magnitude of the expected cash flows that the business is likely to produce.

 

[removed] The timing of the expected cash flows that the business is likely to produce.

 

[removed] The riskiness of the expected cash flows that the business is likely to produce.

Valuations differ between young and mature companies because of all of the following except:

[removed] Young companies have less certain futures.

 

[removed] Many young companies are not yet profitable.

 

[removed] Young companies must invest a considerable amount and that makes it hard to use a cost approach.

 

[removed] All of these are reasons valuations differ between young and mature companies.

 

 

 

 

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Introduction to Public Speaking

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Week 6 Assignment

Informative Speech

It’s time to take what you’ve learned from all of your prior presentations and add an element of research to create your Informative Speech. You have to be cautious when choosing an Informative topic, as it’s easy to confuse the Informative Speech and a Persuasive Speech as the same thing. However an Informative Speech JUST provides information. The most basic informative speech is the kind that teaches us (much in the way the Demonstration Speech taught us) something detailed about a topic with which we are already familiar. For instance, we know George Washington was our first President, but a lot of people don’t know much about his life prior to the military or serving in office. That would make for an interesting Informative Speech. Business & Finance homework help

 

With an informative Speech, you’ll want to establish credibility by referencing and citing your materials. For example:  “In the July 13, 2007 edition of the New York Times, John Smith said that George Washington suffered from depression as a young boy.” It is critical that you discuss where you found your information in order to maintain your credibility.Business & Finance homework help

 

A few parameters:

 

1.    Your speech should be 5-10 minutes in length.

2.    Feel free to incorporate visual aids. This is not mandatory, but it makes for a better presentation, as we learned last week.

3.    Cite a minimum of two different sources for your materials. Do NOT use Wikipedia as a source. Please copy and paste these sources into the ‘comments’ area when submitting or submit as a paper. I will evaluate your sources.

4.    Be sure to have a good introduction, a body that contains at least three main points (with appropriate supporting evidence) and a conclusion that appropriately wraps everything up.Business & Finance homework help

 

As always, you may draft your speech word for word, but be very careful not to simply read from your paper! We want eye contact and emotion!  Good luck with this assignment and have fun!

 

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Below is an income and cash flow statements that management has

Below is an Income and cash flow statements that management has approved. (If there are errors or oversights, that is their problem, not yours). Start each question from the original data. Cells F14:F22 contain the original values in case you need to get back to them. Show or explain how you obtained each answer. Please Provide Excel Sheet with formulas

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a

Determine the unit price that would achieve a cash flow in year 6 of $500,000

b

Determine the sensitivity of the internal rate of return to a 10%, 25% and 50% increase in investment? (start with original values)Business & Finance homework help

c

Determine the expected present worth for the following data where Forecast 1 is the current values. (start with original values)

Forecast 1 (current Values)

Forecast 2

Forecast 3

cell

Unit Price

$35.99

$40.00

$35.00

C14

COGS each

$12.50

$15.00

$11.50

C15

S.G. & A.

$800,000

$1,000,000

$900,000

C16

Sales Quantity Forecast year 1

50,000

40,000

60,000

D23

Probability

50%

30%

20%

Original Values

Unit Price

$35.99

$35.99

COGS each

$12.50

$12.50

S.G.& A.

$800,000

$800,000

salvage

$100,000

in year 6

$100,000

Income tax rate

35%

35%

Capital Gains Tax rate. Business & Finance homework help

15%

15%

Working capital

no change

no change

MARR

15%

15%

Investment

$2,000,000

$2,000,000

Sales Quantity Forecast

50,000

60,000

72,000

86,400

103,680

124,416

Depreciation MACRS

5

20.00%

32.00%

19.20%

11.52%

11.52%

5.76%

Income Statement

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Sales revenue

$1,799,500

$2,159,400

$2,591,280

$3,109,536

$3,731,443

$4,477,732

Cost of goods sold

($625,000)

($750,000)

($900,000)

($1,080,000)

($1,296,000)

($1,555,200)

Gross Margin

$1,174,500

$1,409,400

$1,691,280

$2,029,536

$2,435,443

$2,922,532

General, Sales and Admin.

($800,000)

($800,000)

($800,000)

($800,000)

($800,000)

($800,000)

Depreciation

($400,000)

($640,000)

($384,000)

($230,400)

($115,200)

($57,600)

EBIT

($25,500)

($30,600)

$507,280

$999,136

$1,520,243

$2,064,932

Income tax

$8,925

$10,710

($177,548)

($349,698)

($532,085)

($722,726)

Net income

($16,575)

($19,890)

$329,732

$649,438

$988,158

$1,342,206

Cash Flow Statement

Net Income

($16,575)

($19,890)

$329,732

$649,438

$988,158

$1,342,206

Add depreciation. Business & Finance homework help

$400,000

$640,000

$384,000

$230,400

$115,200

$57,600

Investment

(2,000,000)

Change in Working Capital

($179,950)

($35,990)

($43,188)

($51,826)

($62,191)

($74,629)

Salvage

$100,000

Tax on gain

$15,000

Cash flow

($2,000,000)

$203,475

$584,120

$670,544

$828,013

$1,041,167

$1,440,177

Present Worth =

IRR

$673,198

23.95%

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