Discussion: Ethical Dimensions of Research Studies   In the best-selling book, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks (Skloot, 2010), the author highlights the true story of an African-American woman who died in 1951 from cervical cancer. What makes her story unique is that prior to her death, cells from her tumor were removed and successfully grown in a petri dish. This was the first time scientists were able to successfully replicate cells outside the body, and it is estimated that billions of Lacks’ cells have been used in medical research. However, Henrietta Lacks was never asked for permission to take a sample and her family was never made aware of the widespread use of her cells. Although the culturing of her cells has been pivotal for advancing research, strong ethical concerns later arose about using these cells without patient or family approval.   This week’s readings describe historical examples of unethical research, such as a study of syphilis among African-American men in which treatment was withheld and a study in which live cancer cells were injected into elderly patients. Today, stricter controls that seek to protect study participants are placed on researchers, but breaches still occur. Careful attention must be given toward preventing unethical behavior. In this Discussion, you explore ethical considerations and issues in research.   To prepare:   Select a current health-related case involving research ethics. (If none come to mind, browse the Internet to familiarize yourself with recent cases.) As you review the case that you have selected, reflect on the ethical principles discussed in “What Are the Major Ethical Issues in Conducting Research?” article found in this week’s Learning Resources. Which principles were breached in the case you have identified?   Post a description of the case that you selected and the ethical issues involved. Analyze the ethical principles that were breached by the researchers or organizations in your selected case as well as the possible cause of the breach(es). Suggest how the research might have been conducted differently to avoid or minimize the ethical problems. Discuss how research can be done on sensitive issues while still protecting the rights of the research subjects.   Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses. Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days using one or more of the following approaches: Ask a probing question, substantiated with additional background information, and evidence. Offer and support an alternative perspective using readings from the classroom or from your own review of the literature in the Walden Library. Make a suggestion based on additional evidence drawn from readings or after synthesizing multiple postings.   Required Readings   Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer. Chapter 3, “Key Concepts and Steps in Qualitative and Quantitative Research” (for review) Chapter 4, “Research Problems, Research Questions, and Hypotheses” This chapter focuses on the steps in planning a study to generate evidence. These include developing a research question, identifying variables, articulating a problem statement, and generating hypotheses.   Chapter 7, “Ethics in Nursing Research” In this chapter, the focus is on the ethical dilemmas that occur when planning and conducting research and the ethical principles that have been enacted for protecting study participants. Fouka, G., & Mantzorou, M. (2011). What are the major ethical issues in conducting research? Is there a conflict between the research ethics and the nature of nursing? Health Science Journal, 5(1), 3–14. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.   This article describes a literature review conducted to determine the most important ethical issues that nurses encounter when undertaking or participating in research. The authors detail the results of the review and make recommendations for solving some of the problems highlighted. Newcomb, P. (2010). Evolving fairness in research on human subjects. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 23(3), 123–124. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.   In this article, the author describes some of the ethical controversies that may arise in conducting research in human subjects, especially with respect to ownership of genes. The author also stresses the importance of educating research subjects and their families about the ultimate purpose of research. Yakov, G., Shilo, Y., & Shor, T. (2010). Nurses’ perceptions of ethical issues related to patients’ rights law. Nursing Ethics, 17(4), 501–510. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.   The authors of this article detail a study conducted to determine how nursing staff deal with ethical issues in relation to the law. The article emphasizes the difficulty staff had in distinguishing between legal and ethical problems. The authors make several recommendations to deal with legal and ethical problems.  Delwiche, F. (2008). Anatomy of a scholarly research presentation in the health sciences. Retrieved from http://dana.uvm.edu/Anatomy/   This presentation highlights the primary components of scholarly research articles. The presentation details the distinguishing factors of scholarly journals, the peer-review process, and the definition of “primary literature.”  American Nurses Association. (2001). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. Retrieved from http://nursingworld.org/DocumentVault/Ethics-1/Code-of-Ethics-for-Nurses.html   This website provides the code of ethics for nurses to be used in carrying out their responsibilities. There is also a detailed explanation of each provision.  Document: Literature Review Summary Table Template (Word document)   Note: You will use this document to complete the Project throughout this course.  Media  Laureate Education (Producer). (2012a). Anatomy of a research study. Baltimore, MD: Author.  This multimedia piece explains the “anatomy” of both quantitative and qualitative research studies. In addition, there is a brief quiz at the end of the tutorial to measure knowledge about research articles. Laureate Education (Producer). (2012d). Evidence-based practice and research. Baltimore, MD: Author.   Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 6 minutes.   In this video, Dr. Marianne Chulay talks about the significance of evidence-based practice and research in nursing. She explains how nurses should apply research findings to health care decisions to improve outcomes.     Accessible player   Laureate Education (Producer). (2012h). Overview of evidence-based practice. Baltimore, MD: Author.    Note:  The approximate length of this media piece is 5 minutes.   In this video, Dr. Kristen Mauk explains evidence-based practice and its importance to nursing. She also provides a brief overview of the process of conducting original research.      Accessible player   Optional Resources  National Institutes of Health Office of Extramural Research. (2011). Protecting human research participants. Retrieved from http://phrp.nihtraining.com/users/login.php   This website provides a course on ethical research for those involved in research in human subjects. The course supplies basic concepts, principles, and issues relevant to protecting research participants.  University of Oxford. (2005). PICO: Formulating an answerable question. Retrieved from http://learntech.physiol.ox.ac.uk/cochrane_tutorial/cochlibd0e84.php

DQ # 2 Max Points: 15.0 What factors need to be considered when determining whether or not identified actions are within the domain of nursing practice? Be sure to cite current literature in your response.

hi dear,  can help me to finish this assignment with good quality and be on time please?  all the readings are attached, please have it with the correct APA citation.      Discussion 1 Part 1: Ask one good question from your readings.  The critical thinking question must be thoughtful, in depth, and based on information gathered from the readings. It should be clear that you have read the readings and thought about them. These questions are your own questions that you thought about during the readings (e.g. This week we read about poor access to water.) · There are various solutions through boreholes, water kiosks, and rock catchments, but what, in your opinion, do you think is the best solution? · How do we make these projects sustainable? Lastly, is there a specific region you would focus on? Part 2: Answer at least one question in Question 1; however, please respond to as many posts as you can! Let’s get a good discussion going! Discussion 2 What approach would you take in a low-income African country to enhance the access of the poor to better water supplies? Why? Discussion 3 Describe one disease in a country, an intervention that could be proposed and how culture could play a role in intervention adherence or acceptance. For example: Malaria, bed nets, and culture could play a negative role because people could use them for fishing instead of sleeping under them. In a low-SES community, populations would be more interested in food and less in malaria exposure. Discussion 4 Find 3 sources (most of these should be a peer reviewed journal paper) on your research topic. Please use National University library and/or Google Scholar to assist in your search. Mention how you plan to use the information from this paper in your research. You need a minimum of 5 sentences. Get +1 on your mid-term exam. MUST BE IN PROPER APA FORMAT! Respond to this post like this:     My topic: Understanding the health implications of water in Iraq. 1. Zolnikov, T. R. (2013). The maladies of water and war: Addressing poor water quality in Iraq. American Journal of Public Health, 103(6), 980-987. I have selected this paper to use because it provides information on waterborne diseases. While it focuses on Iraq, I believe I will be able to extend this information and use it in a broader context. 2. Hagopian, A., Flaxman, A. D., Takaro, T. K., Al Shatari, S. A. E., Rajaratnam, J., Becker, S., & Burnham, G. (2013). Mortality in Iraq Associated with the 2003–2011 War and Occupation: Findings from a National Cluster Sample Survey by the University Collaborative Iraq Mortality Study. PLoS Medicine,10(10), 2-15. I have selected this paper because I will be able to review mortality rates within Iraq. I can understand what health implications are taking place. Also, because this paper was printed in 2013, it is a valuable current source of data. 3. Alborz, A. (2013). Environmental characteristics and prevalence of birth defects among children in post-war Iraq: implications for policies on rebuilding the Iraqi education system. Medicine, Conflict and Survival, 29(1), 26-44. This paper focuses on the childhood aspect of disease. It will also allow further insight into war in Iraq and how that contributed to adverse health effects within the population. Thanks,

Assignment: Why is it important for the nurse leader to provide a reasonable and fair operation budget? Although budget figures are estimates of future projections, why and how should nurse leaders be prepared to explain short-term variations? Nurse leaders have many responsibilities when it comes to the development of the budget. What issues would be considered most important for the nurse leader in this process? How should a nurse leader prepare to handle minimum staffing requirement costs in the budget process in case this is challenged? Besides a department budget approach, what other alternatives are available in the budgeting process? This APA essay will have 1200-1500 words with 4 supporting references. Make certain to include an introduction and conclusion paragraph, along a title and reference page.

Capstone Project Topic Selection and Approval  In collaboration with your approved course mentor, you will identify a specific evidence-based practice proposal topic for the capstone project. Consider the clinical environment in which you are currently working or have recently worked. The capstone project topic can be a clinical practice problem, an organizational issue, a quality improvement suggestion, a leadership initiative, or an educational need appropriate to your area of interest as well as your practice immersion (practicum) setting. Examples of the integration of community health, leadership, and an EBP can be found on the “Educational and Community-Based Programs” page of the Healthy People 2020 website. Write a 500-750 word description of your proposed capstone project topic. Make sure to include the following: The problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need that will be the focus of the project The setting or context in which the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need can be observed. A description providing a high level of detail regarding the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need. Impact of the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need on the work environment, the quality of care provided by staff, and patient outcomes. Significance of the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need and its implications to nursing. A proposed solution to the identified project topic You are required to retrieve and assess a minimum of 8 peer-reviewed articles. Plan your time accordingly to complete this assignment. Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Attempt Start Date: 02-Dec-2019 at 12:00:00 AM Due Date: 08-Dec-2019 at 11:59:59 PM Maximum Points: 50.0