Nursing Discussion

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Discussion 1   (Lindsay)

Module 1 Discussion

Cultural competence is having the capability to effectively interact with individuals belonging to different cultures. Being culturally competent is essential in the nursing profession.  Specifically, because advanced practice nurses (APN) care for many different cultural groups in the community. Cultural competence plays a significant role in eliminating and decreasing health care disparities. Therefore, APNs must have the ability to communicate appropriately with different cultural backgrounds to effectively treat patient’s health concerns in a manner that is acceptable to the patient.

The Purnell model defines culture as behavioral patterns, beliefs, values, lifestyles, and all other factors that influence the human work and thought characteristics of a group of people that guide their worldview and decision making (Purnell, 2005). The Purnell model was a framework designed to use across all disciples and practice settings to assess different cultures. Every healthcare discipline values communication and must know their patients ethnocultural beliefs. Healthcare providers are more effective in caring for patients when they understand ethnocultural diversity. The model is a circle with three rims, the outlying rim represents global society, a second rim representing community, a third rim representing family, and the inner rim representing the person (Purnell, 2005). The interior of the circle is split into 12 parts representing cultural domains and their concepts. The 12 cultural domains construct the framework of the model. The Purnell model was developed for multiple purposes. These include providing a framework to learn concepts and characteristics of culture; define instances that affect an individual’s worldview; provide a tool that links the most significant relationships of culture; interrelate characteristics of culture that promote congruence to deliver sensitive and competent care; provide a structure for analyzing cultural data; and view individuals, families, and communities within their unique ethnocultural environment (Purnell, 2005). Communicating in a culturally sensitive way can minimize prejudices and biases.

Culturally competent communication means communicating with mindfulness and knowledge of health disparities and understanding that sociocultural influences have important effects on beliefs, behaviors, and the skills used to manage these factors appropriately (Taylor & Lurie, 2004). It is also important to recognize and understand different communication needs and styles. For example, identifying patient language preferences, literacy levels, and level of English proficiency. Promoting culturally competent communication in the health care setting reflects high quality care and a holistic approach. Good patient-provider communication is associated with increased adherence to treatment plans, higher patient satisfaction, and improved health outcomes (Taylor & Lurie, 2004). Having awareness of cultural differences aids in decreasing assumptions made during care and gives patients a voice to adequately express their concerns. Clear communication encourages dialogue between the patient and provider which builds a trusting relationship. The way in which we communicate and deliver care to patients is an important aspect in conveying our respect for their cultural values. APNs stand out from any other health care provider in the way in which we communicate and develop a trusting relationship with our patients. Therefore, an essential part of our profession is developing cultural awareness and cultural competence.

References

Purnell, L. (2005). The Purnell model for cultural competence. The Journal of Multicultural Nursing and Health, 11(2). https://files.midwestclinicians.org/sharedchcpolicies/Policies_Forms/Cultural%20Competency/PURNELL%27S%20MODEL.pdf

Discussion 2 (Adiana)

Cultural Competence

The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence and its relevance

The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence is a conceptual model that describes the multidimensional nature of cultural competence. It is a framework for understanding, analyzing, and integrating the various cultural, social, and professional skills needed for successful interactions with people from different cultural backgrounds (Purnell, 2016). The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence is a model that was created to help nurses learn how to be culturally competent. The model is based on the idea that everyone has different cultural backgrounds and should be treated as such. According to Abrishami (2018), the Purnell Model contains five components: awareness, understanding, use, adaptation, and recognition.

The first component, awareness, is the ability to be aware of one’s cultural background (Purnell, 2016). This includes understanding what culture is, what it means to different people, and how it affects their lives. It also involves being aware of how cultures are portrayed in the media and how these representations can impact one’s views of culture. The second component, understanding, is the ability to understand why different cultures are the way they are. This includes being able to understand how history has shaped different cultures, as well as the role that culture plays in current events. It also involves understanding how certain beliefs and practices are rooted in cultural traditions. The third component, use, is the ability to use one’s cultural background to advantage (Purnell, 2016). This includes communicating effectively in a cultural context and understanding the cultural customs and norms that are important to most people in that culture. The fourth component, adaptation, is the ability to identify oneself with different cultures. This includes understanding and appreciating the unique aspects of different cultures and adopting the cultural norms and values that are important to those cultures. The fifth component, recognition, is the ability to recognize and appreciate another person’s culture. This includes being able to understand their customs and beliefs, as well as their way of life.

The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence is relevant to advanced practice nurses because it provides a framework for understanding and managing cultural diversity. It helps advanced practice nurses understand their cultural values and how those may influence their interactions with patients and colleagues from other cultures (Purnell, 2019). This knowledge can help advanced practice nurses be more sensitive to the needs of patients and colleagues from diverse cultures and better manage interactions in a culturally competent manner. The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence can help advanced practice nurses develop effective communication and collaboration skills with patients, colleagues, and other health care professionals from diverse cultures.

Importance of Effective Communication That Promotes Cultural Competence.

Effective communication in cultural competence is the recognition of the benefits of understanding different cultures to effectively and respectfully interact with people from those cultures. Cultural competence aims to create a positive and respectful relationship between people from different cultures (Shen, 2015). Cultural competence is communicating effectively with people from diverse cultural backgrounds. It is essential for individuals working in any field, especially in the areas of tourism, business, and education. Cultural competence is not a superficial knowledge of cultural traits or an ability to mimic behaviors associated with certain cultures. It is understanding how people from different cultures think, feel, and behave.

References

Abrishami, D. (2018). The need for cultural competency in health care. Radiologic Technology, 89(5), 441-448.

Purnell, L. (2019). Update: The Purnell theory and model for culturally competent health care. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 30(2), 98-105.