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  • STAND-ALONE PROJECT MH651 Ethics in Health Care Stand-Alone Project: County Hospital Director of Public Relations and Ethics (200 points) You should begin working on the Stand-Alone Project early in the course. Each lesson provides a benchmark for completing the Stand-Alone Project in a timely manner while working through the course. You will find this information in the “Stand-Alone Project Benchmark” section of each lesson. (200 points) (A 10-page response is required for the combination of Parts A, B, and C.) Instructions: You have been appointed Director of Public Relations and Ethics at County Hospital. The hospital is facing several urgent situations regarding the following issues. Your Stand-Alone Project responses should be both grammatically and mechanically correct and formatted in the same fashion as the project itself. If there is a Part A, your response should identify a Part A, etc. In addition, you must appropriately cite all resources used in your response and document them in a bibliography using APA style. (A 10-page, double-spaced, response is required.) (200 points) 1. Abortion 2. Germline Experimentation 3. Randomized Clinical Research 4. Rationing Health Care 5. Organ Transplants Part A White Papers: You are charged with preparing white papers on these topics. White papers present various positions, explaining the strengths and weaknesses of each; they do not give or defend the author’s position. Using the Required Readings, your textbook, and articles and websites you find by doing your own research, write a onepage paper on each of the topics listed above. Include a bibliography formatted in APA style. (100 points) (5 pages) Part B Questions and Rationales: You must also instruct the hospital’s Ethics Committee to discuss these issues in depth and revise the hospital’s ethics handbook. As part of your work with the Ethics Committee, you must draft three (3) questions that will guide Ethics Committee deliberations for each of the five (5) topics (15 questions total). For each question provide the rationale for the question. (45 points) (2 pages) Part C Press Release Flyers: In addition to the white papers, you are charged with preparing 1/2-page summaries of your own position on each of these topics in the form of a flyer that clearly states hospital policy and the rationale behind it. (In real life, this flyer would state the position and rationale of your ethics committee). Each summary should contain less than 200 words and should cover the main ethical issues that patients and their families might have. (35 points) (3 pages) A suggested outline for these summaries is as follows. 1. State the position clearly in one paragraph. 2. Allot one paragraph for each ethical position, giving reasons for and against each of them. 3. Restate your position and give persuasive arguments for it. 4. Indicate that hospital personnel are available to discuss ethical issues with family members. Grading Rubric Please refer to the rubric on the following page for the grading criteria for this assignment. ACTIVITY 6 MH651 Ethics in Health Care Lesson 6: The End of Life and The Future of Health Care Activity 6: Ethics Committee (100 points) As Director for Public Relations and Ethics for County Hospital, one of your principal duties is to organize and chair the hospital’s ethics committee. The hospital administration wants you and your committee to write end-of-life policies regarding the procedures used and permitted in the hospital for care of the dying, and especially regarding right-to-die and futility. The administration suggests the following composition for your ethics committee: a doctor, a nurse, an administrator, an accountant, several patients, a hospice worker, a right-to-life representative, and a right-to-die representative. The agenda for the first meeting is to establish the baseline topics to be developed into a new policy handbook for County Hospital. Committee members were told to bring a list of concerns that they might have regarding end-of-life policies and procedures already in place at County Hospital. Discuss at least two (2) concerns that each committee member might bring to the table during your first meeting. Your Activity responses should be both grammatically and mechanically correct and formatted in the same fashion as the Activity itself. If there is a Part A, your response should identify a Part A, etc. In addition, you must appropriately cite all resources used in your response and document them in a bibliography using APA style. (100 points) (A 4-page response is required.) Grading Rubric Please refer to the rubric on the following page for the grading criteria for this assignment. CATEGORY Concerns (80 points) Exemplary 80 points The student provides a clear discussion of at least two (2) concerns that each committee member might bring to the table during the first meeting. Satisfactory 64 points The student provides a mostly clear discussion of at least two (2) concerns that each committee member might bring to the table during the first meeting. Mechanics (10 Points) 10 points Student does not make any errors in grammar or spelling, especially those that distract the reader from the content. 8 points Student makes 1-2 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. Format – APA Format, Citations, Organization, Transitions (10 Points) 10 points The paper is written in proper APA and organizational format. All sources used for quotes and facts are credible and cited correctly. Excellent organization, including a variety of thoughtful transitions. 8 points The paper is written in proper format with only 1-2 errors. All sources used for quotes and facts are credible, and most are cited correctly. Adequate organization includes a variety of appropriate transitions. Unsatisfactory 48 points The student provides a somewhat clear discussion of at least two (2) concerns that each committee member might bring to the table during the first meeting. 5 points Student makes 3-4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. 5 points The paper is written in proper format with only 3-5 errors. Most sources used for quotes and facts are credible and cited correctly. Essay is poorly organized, but may include a few effective transitions. Unacceptable 32 points The student provides an unclear discussion of at least two (2) concerns that each committee member might bring to the table during the first meeting. 2 points Student makes more than 4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. 2 points The paper is not written in proper format. Many sources used for quotes and facts are less than credible (suspect) and/or are not cited correctly. Essay is disorganized and does not include effective transitions. ACTIVITY 4 MH651 Ethics in Health Care Lesson 4: Medical Records and Safety Activity 4: Electronic Medical Records and Safety (100 points) This activity is comprised of two parts. Your Activity responses should be both grammatically and mechanically correct and formatted in the same fashion as the Activity itself. If there is a Part A, your response should identify a Part A, etc. In addition, you must appropriately cite all resources used in your response and document them in a bibliography using APA style. (100 points) (A 4-page response is required for the combination of parts A and B). Part A Provide synopses of at least five (5) articles involving electronic medical records (EMR) and their protection and safety of patient information. Provide a bibliography of your selected articles. (60 points) Part B Compare and contrast five (5) advantages and five (5) disadvantages of delivering health care with an electronic medical record system. Reference the advantages and disadvantages that are outlined in the articles you chose for Part A. (20 points) Grammar and Formatting: 20 points. Grading Rubric Please refer to the rubric on the following page for the grading criteria for this assignment. CATEGORY Part A: Article Synopses (60 points) Exemplary 60 points The student provides a clear synopsis of at least five (5) articles involving electronic medical records, their protection, and safety of patient information. Satisfactory 48 points The student provides a mostly clear synopsis of at least five (5) articles involving electronic medical records, their protection, and safety of patient information. Part B: Advantages 20 points 16 points and Disadvantages The student provides a clear The student provides a (20 points) comparison and contrast of mostly clear comparison and five (5) advantages AND five contrast of five (5) disadvantages of delivering advantages AND five health care with an disadvantages of delivering electronic medical record health care with an system referencing the electronic medical record advantages and system referencing the disadvantages that are advantages and outlined in the articles disadvantages that are chosen for Part A. outlined in the articles chosen for Part A. Unsatisfactory 36 points The student provides a somewhat clear synopsis of at least five (5) articles involving electronic medical records, their protection, and safety of patient information. 12 points The student provides a somewhat clear comparison and contrast of five (5) advantages AND five disadvantages of delivering health care with an electronic medical record system referencing the advantages and disadvantages that are outlined in the articles chosen for Part A. Unacceptable 24 points The student provides an unclear synopsis of fewer than five (5) articles involving electronic medical records, their protection, and safety of patient information. 8 points The student provides an unclear comparison and contrast of fewer than five (5) advantages AND five disadvantages of delivering health care with an electronic medical record system referencing the advantages and disadvantages that are outlined in the articles chosen for Part A. Mechanics (10 Points) 10 points Student does not make any errors in grammar or spelling, especially those that distract the reader from the content. 8 points Student makes 1-2 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. 5 points Student makes 3-4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. 2 points Student makes more than 4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. Format – APA Format, Citations, Organization, Transitions (10 Points) 10 points The paper is written in proper APA and organizational format. All sources used for quotes and facts are credible and cited correctly. Excellent organization, including a variety of thoughtful transitions. 8 points The paper is written in proper format with only 1-2 errors. All sources used for quotes and facts are credible, and most are cited correctly. Adequate organization includes a variety of appropriate transitions. 5 points The paper is written in proper format with only 3-5 errors. Most sources used for quotes and facts are credible and cited correctly. Essay is poorly organized, but may include a few effective transitions. 2 points The paper is not written in proper format. Many sources used for quotes and facts are less than credible (suspect) and/or are not cited correctly. Essay is disorganized and does not include effective transitions. ACTIVITY 2 MH651 Ethics in Health Care Lesson 2: Rights, Ethics, and Care Standards Activity 2: Standards of Care Presentation Prepare a PowerPoint presentation for a staff meeting that outlines the key points about negligence, professional liability, and malpractice. Clearly explain the terminology and give at least three (3) examples of each in your presentation. You may also use other Required Readings and other references. Your Activity responses should be both grammatically and mechanically correct and formatted in the same fashion as the Activity itself. If there is a Part A, your response should identify a Part A, etc. In addition, you must appropriately cite all resources used in your response and document them in a bibliography using APA style. Sixteen slides are required for the presentation and an extra slide may be included for your bibliography, for a total of 17 slides. (100 points) Part A Negligence (30 points) (6 slides) 1. What is negligence? 2. When does negligence most often occur? 3. List and describe three (3) examples of negligence in a medical practice or setting. Part B Professional Liability (25 points) (5 slides) 1. What is professional liability? 2. List and describe three (3) examples of professional liability in a medical practice or setting. Part C Malpractice (25 points) (5 slides) 1. What is malpractice? 2. List and describe three (3) examples of malpractice in a medical practice or setting. Grammar and Formatting: 20 points Grading Rubric Please refer to the rubric on the following page for the grading criteria for this assignment. CATEGORY Part A: Negligence (30 points) Exemplary 30 points The student provides a clear description of negligence AND when it occurs most often, AND lists AND describes three (3) examples of negligence in a medical practice or setting. Satisfactory 24 points The student provides a mostly clear description of negligence AND when it occurs most often, AND lists AND describes three (3) examples of negligence in a medical practice or setting. Unsatisfactory 18 points The student provides a somewhat clear description of negligence AND when it occurs most often, AND lists AND describes three (3) examples of negligence in a medical practice or setting. Unacceptable 12 points The student provides an unclear description of negligence AND when it occurs most often, AND lists AND describes fewer than three (3) examples of negligence in a medical practice or setting. Part B: Professional 25 points Liability (25 points) The student provides a clear description of professional liability AND lists AND describes three (3) examples of professional liability in a medical practice or setting. 20 points The student provides a mostly clear description of professional liability AND lists AND describes three (3) examples of professional liability in a medical practice or setting. 15 points The student provides a somewhat clear description of professional liability AND lists AND describes three (3) examples of professional liability in a medical practice or setting. 10 points The student provides an unclear description of professional liability AND lists AND describes fewer than three (3) examples of professional liability in a medical practice or setting. Part C: Malpractice 25 points (25 points) The student provides a clear description of malpractice AND lists AND describes three (3) examples of malpractice in a medical practice or setting. 20 points The student provides a mostly clear description of malpractice AND lists AND describes three (3) examples of malpractice in a medical practice or setting. 15 points The student provides a somewhat clear description of malpractice AND lists AND describes three (3) examples of malpractice in a medical practice or setting. 10 points The student provides an unclear description of malpractice AND lists AND describes fewer than three (3) examples of malpractice in a medical practice or setting. Mechanics (10 Points) 10 points Student does not make any errors in grammar or spelling, especially those that distract the reader from the content. 8 points Student makes 1-2 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. 5 points Student makes 3-4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. 2 points Student makes more than 4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. Format – APA Format, Citations, Organization, Transitions (10 Points) 10 points The paper is written in proper APA and organizational format. All sources used for quotes and facts are credible and cited correctly. Excellent organization, including a variety of thoughtful transitions. 8 points The paper is written in proper format with only 1-2 errors. All sources used for quotes and facts are credible, and most are cited correctly. Adequate organization includes a variety of appropriate transitions. 5 points The paper is written in proper format with only 3-5 errors. Most sources used for quotes and facts are credible and cited correctly. Essay is poorly organized, but may include a few effective transitions. 2 points The paper is not written in proper format. Many sources used for quotes and facts are less than credible (suspect) and/or are not cited correctly. Essay is disorganized and does not include effective transitions. DISCUSSION QUESTION 1-1 MH651 Ethics in Health Care Lesson 1: Laws, Ethics, and Medical Care Upon completion of the Required Readings, write a thorough, well-planned narrative answer to the following discussion question. Rely on your Required Readings and the Lecture and Research Update for specific information to answer the discussion question, but turn to your original thoughts when asked to apply, evaluate, analyze, or synthesize the information. Your Discussion Question response should be both grammatically and mechanically correct, and formatted in the same fashion as the question itself. If there is a Part A, your response should identify a Part A, etc. In addition, you must appropriately cite all resources used in your responses and document in a bibliography using APA style. Discussion Question 1 (50 points) Suppose a patient complains of a burning sensation associated with the heparin injection that he is administered daily, but the patient is non-ambulatory. The nurse administers the heparin injection anyway because she knows it will help prevent a blood clot. (a) In this case, please explain whether or not the nurse violated the patient’s rights in any way. If so, explain how. If not, explain why not. (b) Provide a thorough explanation and defend your answer using the law to support your decision. Grading Rubric Please refer to the rubric on the following page for the grading criteria for this assignment. CATEGORY Exemplary Patient’s rights (30 30 points points) The student provides a clear explanation of whether or not the patient’s rights were violated. Satisfactory 24 points The student provides a mostly clear explanation of whether or not the patient’s rights were violated. Unsatisfactory 18 points The student provides a somewhat clear explanation of whether or not the patient’s rights were violated. Unacceptable 12 points The student provides an unclear explanation of whether or not the patient’s rights were violated. Explanation and Legal Support (50 points) 50 points The student provides a clear and thorough explanation defending the answer supplied in part (a) using the law to support the decision. 40 points The student provides a mostly clear and thorough explanation defending the answer supplied in part (a) using the law to support the decision. 30 points The student provides a somewhat clear and thorough explanation defending the answer supplied in part (a) using the law to support the decision. 20 points The student provides an unclear and incomplete explanation defending the answer supplied in part (a) using the law to support the decision. Mechanics (10 Points) 10 points Student does not make any errors in grammar or spelling, especially those that distract the reader from the content. 8 points Student makes 1-2 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. 5 points Student makes 3-4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. 2 points Student makes more than 4 errors in grammar or spelling that distract the reader from the content. Format – APA Format, Citations, Organization, Transitions (10 Points) 10 points The paper is written in proper APA and organizational format. All sources used for quotes and facts are credible and cited correctly. Excellent organization, including a variety of thoughtful transitions. 8 points The paper is written in proper format with only 1-2 errors. All sources used for quotes and facts are credible, and most are cited correctly. Adequate organization includes a variety of appropriate transitions. 5 points The paper is written in proper format with only 3-5 errors. Most sources used for quotes and facts are credible and cited correctly. Essay is poorly organized, but may include a few effective transitions. 2 points The paper is not written in proper format. Many sources used for quotes and facts are less than credible (suspect) and/or are not cited correctly. Essay is disorganized and does not include effective transitions.
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Ethics in Healthcare

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Ethics in Healthcare

Citing scholarly resources in your work is required throughout your program. Follow the instructions in the bullets below to direct you where to find resources on effective search strategies. This week, you will support your organizational ethics presentation using at least two sources. Share your chosen topic and the key words and search strategies you used with your peers so that you can review each other’s work and provide peer-to-peer feedback. Also, describe what you think are the most important search features when narrowing down topics in the databases and why. Ethics in Healthcare

Discussion 2

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Betty, the chief nursing officer, had to make a decision about buying 120 new hospital beds for patient rooms. After she interviewed nurse mangers at the units where the beds were going to be placed, Betty compiled her findings and decided to contact a well-known equipment company to obtain prices and contracts. The equipment company’s executive salesperson, Jim, discussed options at length with her and invited her and her significant other to an upcoming all-expenses-paid lavish retreat at a five-star hotel in Hawaii to see demonstrations of the beds and to hear a comprehensive sales pitch. Betty thought to herself, “We badly need some relaxation and stress relief. Hawaii would be so much fun. Would it be wrong for us to go?” Ethics in Healthcare

· If you were Betty, what would you do? Give your rationale. Justify your answer with an ethical framework—a theory, approach, or principle.

· Do you consider this situation a conflict of interest? Why or why not? Give your rationale.

· What policies, if any, should be in place regarding a scenario such as this one?  Do you have any such policies in place at work for similar situations? Do such policies impact day-to-day activities in any way?  Explain.

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This is just an example for the discussion 1

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Cannot be used .

Ethics in Healthcare

The topic I chose to research is: Exhibiting Poor Quality in Performance and Apathy in Goal Attainment.  According to Grewal, Kataria, and Dhawan (2016), conducting a literature review is important when undertaking a research study. Literature review informs the direction the study is to take, and establishes known knowledge on a specific subject matter. The authors indicate that a good literature review is informed by the search strategies that are adopted by the researcher.

My research strategy included conducting a literature review and searching the library databases for peer reviewed journals.  It also helps formulate the search strategy by identifying the essential concepts that can answer the question (Hastings, C., & Fisher, C. A. (2014). A poorly prepared research question poses numerous risks or threats such as : researchers are tending to assume an erroneous design; it can create mistakes and hinder the thought process, including obstruction of the development of a clear protocol; it can jeopardize publication efforts; it is difficult for the reader to determine whether the answer is significant when the question is not clear; an unclear question can make it difficult to interpret the results of the study; an unclear research question makes it difficult to determine whether or not a study achieves inclusion criteria for systematic review and meta-analysis; and finally, when the research question is not clearly stated, people reading the study may fail to understand the objective of the study, and this could negatively influence the possibility of the study being cited by other investigators (Thabane, L., Thomas, T., Ye, C., & Paul, 2012). Ethics in Healthcare

Initially I had some difficulties in identifying each of the parts of my research questions, but after the research I conducted, I think that I was able to find the right components for my presentation.  According to Thabane, L., Thomas, T., Ye, C., & Paul, J. (2012). “The success of any research process relies, in part, on how well investigators are able to translate a clinical problem into a research question—a task that is not so simple for novice investigators” (p. 1).

References

Grewal, A., Kataria, H., & Dhawan, I. (2016). Literature search for research planning and identification of research problem. Indian Journal of Anesthesia, 60(9), 635. Retrieved from http://eds.b.ebscohost.com.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=1&sid=8b2db1c7-d1d2-4a1d-a6fb-ab5057fcc113%40pdc-v-sessmgr01

Hastings, C., & Fisher, C. A. (2014). Searching for proof: Creating and using an actionable PICO question. Nursing Management, 45(8), 9-12. doi:10.1097/01.NUMA.0000452006.79838.67

Thabane, L., Thomas, T., Ye, C., & Paul, J. (2012). Posing the research question: Not so simple. Canadian Journal of Research; 56(1), 71. doi:10.1007/s12630-008-9007-4 Ethics in Healthcare

Ethics in Healthcare

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Ethics in Healthcare

In this session, you have been considering moral-ethical dilemmas you yourself faced or that you know of that you either resolved or failed to resolve, but hopefully learned from. You may never have given much thought to ethical theory nor what ethical premises/paradigms you have unconsciously held.

You will be focusing on this case for this assignment:

Jane Doe is a nursing student at University X. Jane is in week eight of a course entitled: “Introduction to Ethics”. Ethics in Healthcare

For the week one discussion, Jane copied work done by her friend John Doe in the same class two months ago (with a different professor). John told Jane it was okay to use his work as John’s professor never checked any work in the class using Turnitin.com. John claimed to have earned an A on the work also.

In week two, Jane went to StudentPapering.com and paid ten dollars for a week two essay done by a student (not John Doe) who took the same course four months ago. StudentPapering promises that all its archived work is of excellent quality and cannot be detected as copied. Jane then uploaded an exact copy of the work for the week two assignment.

In week three, Jane paid a worker at PaperingStudent.com ten dollars to write for Jane a brand new essay after Jane shared with the worker the essay assignment instructions. Ethics in Healthcare

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In week four, Jane relied on her knowledge of Esperanto. She felt pressed for time and found an article by a professor from Esperanto on the week four topic. She translated Esperanto into English using Moogle Translate, and the translated text served as her week four paper.

In week five, Jane was running late again. Jane purposely uploaded a blank paper hoping that she would later claim it was an innocent mistake and not be assessed a late penalty. In a previous course on History, she had done the same (with an earlier paper from the History class rather than simply a blank) and had not seen any late penalty assessed.

In week six, Jane took work she did in a nursing course from a year ago and submitted that for her discussion posting in her current class. She simply copied and pasted the work she had labored intensively on a year ago (even though University X forbids this practice as ‘self-plagiarism’). Jane was confident her Nursing instructor never checked that work using Turnitin.com or another method. Ethics in Healthcare

In week seven, Jane copied and pasted work found on website.com for the paper. Jane did not use any quotation marks or other documentation to show the text was not by Jane.

Since Jane’s Ethics professor did not check papers and posting for any issues by using Turnitin.com or another method, the professor graded all of Jane’s work unaware of Jane’s actions throughout the weeks of the class. Jane feels her actions are morally justified both because her economic situation requires her to work too much to devote time to school (although other students are well-off enough to have such time) and her religion says that it okay for her to take such actions since a degree will benefit her family (while Jane is aware that other religions of students in the same class forbid such actions).

Instructions
Now that you have had an opportunity to explore ethics formally, create a reflective assessment of your learning experience and the collaborations you engaged in throughout this session. You will submit both of the following:

  • A written reflection Ethics in Healthcare
  • An oral presentation using a PowerPoint narrated slide show.

For the written reflection, address Jane Doe’s and respond to the following:

  • Articulate again your moral theory from week eight discussion (You can revise it if you wish). What two ethical theories best apply to it? Why those two?
  • Apply to Jane Doe’s case your personal moral philosophy as developed in week eight discussion and now. Use it to determine if what Jane Doe did was ethical or unethical per your own moral philosophy.
  • Consider if some of these examples are more grave instances of ethical transgressions than others. Explain. Ethics in Healthcare
  • Propose a course of social action and a solution by using the ethics of egoism, utilitarianism, the “veil of ignorance” method, deontological principles, and/or a theory of justice to deal with students like  Jane. Consider social values such as those concerning ways of life while appraising the interests of diverse populations (for instance, those of differing religions and economic status).

For the oral presentation, briefly summarize your feelings about taking a course in Ethics and explore your process of transformation in this course.

  • Discuss your experiences of the course, your beginnings, and where you are now. Consider your interaction in discussions.
  • Should health care workers be required to take a course in Ethics? Why or why not Ethics in Healthcare