Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive Heart Failure
High-pitched, blowing heart murmur suggests that the patient has regurgitant heart valve – i.e. blood flows backward through the valve due to inadequate closure of valve; the fact that it’s under the left nipple suggests its the bicuspid valve is not closing appropriately
From this location, Roger’s systolic murmur is most likely from the mitral valve. During systole, the mitral valve should be closed, therefore if we are hearing a murmur, the valve must be insufficient, or not closing properly. If we were viewing this valve via Doppler echo, we would see a large blue plume of color moving from the left ventricle into the left atrium.
The anterior intraventricular artery is also blocked; this causes ischemia and ultimately infarction of the the left ventricular wall
From this location, Roger’s systolic murmur is most likely from the mitral valve. During systole, the mitral valve should be closed, therefore if we are hearing a murmur, the valve must be insufficient, or not closing properly. If we were viewing this valve via Doppler echo, we would see a large blue plume of color moving from the left ventricle into the left atrium. Congestive Heart Failure
The patient has a 40-pack-year smoking history that puts him at increased risk of developing chronic bronchitis and emphysema; both which alters the breath sounds heard w/ stethoscope; left ventricular heart failure slows rate of venous return of blood from pulmonary vein to left atrium
A. in order to stabilize cardiac output, left ventricle must fill with more blood during ventricular diastole to make up for all the blood that is being pumped backwards into the left atrium B. hazy appearance is due to the fluid/pulmonary edema in the lungs; fluid appears lighter on Xray
The heart is still performing at sub optimal level; when lying down blood rushes to lungs and makes his heart failure worse; patient is also experiencing poroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea which involves shortness of breath when laying down asleep; elevating the head with pillows helps the patient sleep
· When Roger lays down at night, he eliminates the effect of gravity.
· rate of venous blood flow returning to right atrium increases.
· rate of venous blood flow returning to the left atrium is also increased.
· increases the pre-load placed upon left ventricle.
· Fluid begins to collect in lungs – difficulty breathing
· Raises heart above the majority of his systemic circulation
· Lowers rate of venous return
· Relieves shortness of breath
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Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a chronic progressive condition that affects the pumping power of your heart muscle.
While often referred to simply as heart failure, CHF specifically refers to the stage in which fluid builds up within the heart and causes it to pump inefficiently. Congestive Heart Failure
You have four heart chambers. The upper half of your heart is made up of two atria, and the lower half of your heart is made up of two ventricles.
The ventricles pump blood to your body’s organs and tissues, and the atria receive blood from your body as it circulates back from the rest of your body.
CHF develops when your ventricles can’t pump enough blood volume to the body. Eventually, blood and other fluids can back up inside your:
- lungs
- abdomen
- liver
- lower body
CHF can be life threatening. If you suspect you or someone you know has CHF, seek immediate medical treatment.
In the early stages of CHF, you most likely won’t notice any changes in your health. If your condition progresses, you’ll experience gradual changes in your body. Congestive Heart Failure
| Symptoms you may notice first | Symptoms that indicate your condition has worsened | Symptoms that indicate a severe heart condition |
| fatigue | irregular heartbeat | chest pain that radiates through the upper body |
| swelling in your ankles, feet, and legs | a cough that develops from congested lungs | rapid breathing |
| weight gain | wheezing | skin that appears blue, which is due to lack of oxygen in your lungs |
| increased need to urinate, especially at night | shortness of breath, which may indicate pulmonary edema | fainting |
Chest pain that radiates through the upper body can also be a sign of a heart attack. If you experience this or any other symptoms that may point to a severe heart condition, seek immediate medical attention.
It can be difficult to recognize heart failure in infants and young children. Symptoms may include:
- poor feeding
- excessive sweating
- difficulty breathing
These symptoms can easily be misunderstood as colic or a respiratory infection. Poor growth and low blood pressure can also be signs of heart failure in children.
In some cases, you may be able to feel a resting baby’s rapid heart rate through their chest wall Congestive Heart Failure
