Nutritional challenges for emerging populations

Nutrition is the central component in health promotion as nutrition is needed for our body to grow, develop and maintain the normal functioning of the body.It is an essential aspect of living a balanced lifestyle. Food is readily available in most of  Western society, and it is frequently highly refined and high in calories, fat, and sugar These foods are also less costly than healthier alternatives, making nutritious choices more difficult to come by for low-income families and individuals.Food plays an important role in everyday social life, often taking center stage at parties, meetings, and other activities.(Grand Canyon University, 2018 )

The most nutritional challenges for emerging population as people are very busy to take proper diet and nutrition and hence they lack the essential requirements of the daily intake which causes various diseases, obesity etc. Malnutrition has become more common in the United States in recent years. The majority of people believe that eating fast food in fast food restaurants is less expensive and more convenient. Furthermore, they find it difficult to eat vegetables and fruits because they are costly and time consuming to prepare.The socio-economic factors also have impact on the deficiency diseases because people are unable to avail better food for themselves.(Homeworklib,n.d). Nutritional challenges for emerging populations

The nutrition deficiency causes malnutrition in which people become weak, and becomes more prone to many of diseases. The excess of nutrition causes toxicity for example, too much of vitamin A causes vitamin toxicity, therefore, nutrition should be maintained at optimum levels to avoid such conditions.

Discuss why nutrition is a central component in health promotion. What are some of the nutritional... (n.d.). Homework Help Online workLib. https://www.homeworklib.com/question/1333777/discu

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Dietary reference intakes (DRIs) are quantitative, nutrient intake–based standards used for assessing the diets and specific nutrient intakes of healthy individuals and populations and for informing national nutrition policy and nutrition programs. Because nutrition needs vary by age, sex, and physiological state, DRIs are often specified for healthy subgroups within a population. Diet is known to be the leading modifiable risk factor for chronic disease, and the prevalence of chronic disease is growing in all populations globally and across all subgroups, but especially in older adults. It is known that nutrient needs can change in some chronic disease and other clinical states. Disease states and/or disease treatment can cause whole-body or tissue-specific nutrient depletion or excess, resulting in the need for altered nutrient intakes. In other cases, disease-related biochemical dysfunction can result in a requirement for a nonessential nutrient, rendering it as conditionally essential, or result in toxicity for a food component at levels usually tolerated by healthy people, as seen in inborn errors of metabolism. Here we summarize examples from a growing body of literature of disease-altering nutrient requirements, supporting the need to give more consideration to special nutrient requirements in disease states.

In summary, there is an increased awareness that many factors affect nutritional requirements, raising the potential need to establish DRIs for additional subgroups other than age, sex, and pregnancy/lactation. Among these factors are the increase in age-related chronic diseases driven by changes in population demographics, increased use of pharmaceuticals, and increases in certain at-risk behaviors, among others. In addition to effects of age-associated chronic diseases on nutrient requirements, age-associated decay of biological networks in the absence of disease may also directly affect nutrient requirements and disease susceptibility. Hence, the increasing ability to identify and classify specific population subgroups for whom population-based DRIs may not apply is challenging the concept of relying solely on population-based nutrient recommendations. This challenge is stimulating innovation and interest in the concept of individualized nutrient requirements and personalized nutrition, following the paradigm of precision medicine Nutritional challenges for emerging populations

Nutritional states in which SNRs may be present are associated with chronic diseases in classifiable groups of patients and may include the following conditions: 1) consistent failure to achieve adequate nutrient status, demonstrated nutrient deficiency or excess when achieving RDA-level nutrient intakes, and required nutrient intake levels significantly above or below an RDA to achieve nutrient adequacy or avoid toxicity; 2) improvement in a clinical condition with intake of a particular nutrient or nutrient combination at levels above (or below) the RDA independent of established criteria for nutritional adequacy; and 3) a “conditionally essential” nutrient requirement or restriction for a metabolite or food component that is not required from exogenous sources by healthy individuals. For the second scenario, medical food formulations compensate for identifiable biochemical impairments and restore normal physiological functioning required for a specified health outcome. Medical food formulations are intended for use in dietary management to meet patient medical needs and address their nutrient requirements (86). A medical food, as defined in section 5(b) (3) of the Orphan Drug Act [21 USC 360ee(b) (3)], is “a food which is formulated to be consumed or administered enterally under the supervision of a physician and which is intended for the specific dietary management of a disease or condition for which distinctive nutritional requirements, based on recognized scientific principles, are established by medical evaluation” (87). Such foods often are designed to meet tertiary prevention goals Nutritional challenges for emerging populations